In today's episode, Grace explores more on trauma bonding. A concept developed by 2 psychologists: Susan Painter and Donald Dutton. Two major factors that add to the formation of a trauma bond are a power imbalance and intermittent reward and punishment. It is based on terror, dominance and unpredictability. Trauma bonding occurs mostly in romantic relationships but can also, happen in platonic friendships, cults, hostage situations, sex trafficking (especially of minors), carers / child relationships, incestuous relationships, hazing or tours of duty among military personnel.

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