How will artificial intelligence reshape the future of work—and will it create enough opportunities for the next generation?

Over the next decade, 1.2 billion young people are expected to enter the workforce, but only around 400 million jobs are currently projected to be available. In this episode, host Tanvir Gill explores whether AI could help close that gap—or make the challenge even greater.

Entrepreneur and content creator, Marina Mogilko, explains how workers can build an advantage through AI systems, agents and “vibe coding.”

Mohamed Eissa, IFC Chief Investment Officer and Global Head of Venture Capital and Direct Technology Investments, examines how AI could transform businesses and create opportunities across emerging markets.

Sharat Raghavan, Director of Data Science and Research at LinkedIn, shares what their data reveals about changing jobs, rising skills and the future of career progression.

Timestamps

[00:00] Will AI make or take the next billion jobs?

[00:48] What Nairobi's tech community thinks

[02:51] Marina Mogilko on vibe coding and AI as opportunity

[05:06] AI and the future of content creation

[08:00] The top skill for an AI economy

[09:29] Introductions: Sharat Raghavan from LinkedIn and Mohamed Eissa from IFC

[13:04] Human skills and AI entrepreneurship

[14:40] AI opportunities in emerging markets

[16:25] Where jobs are growing

[17:25] AI for development: healthcare in Africa

[18:35] The changing career ladder

[21:44] AI disruption: reality or hype?

[25:27] AI, SMEs and the missing middle

[26:23] How to future-proof a career

Hello, everyone. Over the next decade, more than a billion young people will enter the workforce in emerging markets. And the World Bank Group president, Ajay Banga, has talked a lot about a potential demographic dividend. If enough jobs are created for these young people, it's growth, prosperity that could benefit everyone. That's with the right foundations, of course, in place. If you get it wrong, the future doesn't look so bright. And just as that wave hits, artificial intelligence explodes. Machines that write, code, diagnose, design can change everything, which brings us to the real question. Will AI take the next billion jobs or help create them?

Let's begin by heading to Nairobi, Kenya, also known as a Silicon Savannah. iHub is an innovation and hacker space for the tech community. So what do people there think about the future of jobs and AI?

iHub Participant

Work that probably used to take us a week, now you can do in an hour.

iHub Participant

AI sometimes helps me to move faster. It helps me to do administrative duties or duties that you can automate.

iHub Participant

I see it more of a replacing tasks and not really jobs.

iHub Participant

And leave room for me to be a strategic thinker.

iHub Participant

However, we are starting to see once the AI becomes really, really smart, people losing their jobs because after they train the AI, they eventually are training the AI to replace them from the job. As much as you can do a lot of stuff with AI, it can never be a substitute for human interaction. So I don't think it's going to take my job as long as people still exist and people still need that human connection.

iHub Participant

AI has taken over the conversation. So people, even when you look at products, they have to insert that my solution is AI powered, but they're not really focusing on the use case of the problem AI solves, right? So this kind of creates a dependency, or rather a hype that people are jumping onto, as opposed to thinking of ways how this can help, especially in a continent like Africa, for us to solve our basic problems.

iHub Participant

It is more about intuition than calculation. Personally, I don't think AI will replace me.

iHub Participant

AI will actually amplify human creativity and actually not replace it.

iHub Participant

It enables us or it challenges us to think about the ethics of AI, how to use it for the common good, you know, how to maximize on it, and then also how to think about putting guardrails.

iHub Participant

I think for the people sitting in positions of power and influence, we need to know how to support the youth, especially in Africa, because we are going to have a billion new people coming into the job market.

So before we debate policy, before we panic, let's spot the opportunity with our very first guest on the show. Marina Mogilko, also known to millions as the Silicon Valley girl, has built businesses, media platforms, and a global audience around just one idea, AI isn't a threat, it's leverage. Marina, welcome to the show. Thank you very much for joining us. I want to start off by understanding a bit about, you know, your own experience in trying to understand the future of AI and its impact on jobs. You had an insightful conversation with Reid Hoffman of LinkedIn a while ago, who's brought on his own AI avatar onto the platform. What was one thing you learned from him?

Marina Mogilko

First of all, thank you so much for having me on your podcast and thank you for bringing up one of my favorite conversations on "Silicon Valley Girl."

Marina Mogilko

His thing is that more and more people are going to deploy AI and they will need people who know how to code. But the way I understand it, you know, we have this team of 35 people. We run this media company. Podcast is part of it. And of course I want to deploy AI. But I asked myself, do I really need like a developer who is, you know, who understands code deeply? And I realized that with current tools, one of our producers could actually learn how to vibe code and do dashboards. So for basic stuff, I feel like anyone can spend a few weeks learning vibe coding and they could start helping companies integrate AI. And the way we think about hiring these days is that we're not hiring just a person, we're hiring a person and their AI stack that comes with it. Back in the day, I would have to hire a few people, teach them how to do that. Now, I'd ideally take a customer support consultant that's going to come with his AI agents, his whole system set up, and I'm going to pay a fraction of what I would have paid five years ago to have an amazing customer service run by, you know, partly human, partly AI. It's just things are becoming much more accessible for small and medium businesses and I see this as a huge opportunity for people who want to build something.

And specifically to your business, do you see AI as a threat or an opportunity for content creators? I'm already hearing of AI anchors being launched by traditional news agencies, which is a bit worrying.

Marina Mogilko

I think it's both. I think it's a great opportunity. Also a threat. A threat from the perspective that we're getting flooded by content, right? If five years ago, in order to create a piece of content, you needed a, well, you just needed a phone, but also you needed an idea. And if it's like a talking head piece of content or even a written content for LinkedIn, you needed to put in a lot of work, to come up with an idea, to put it in the right words. Now you basically ask your ChatGPT. Good thing is we have algorithms and if it's AI slop, it's not going to get promoted. A great piece of content created by AI actually requires hours and hours of human work. So I feel like AI is empowering people to create content, and not only people who are maybe like well spoken or have a good camera, but also people who are just good at prompting and describing their idea to AI and it's still a lot of work. So can creators get more efficient? Yes. Do you need to start using AI to compete with them? Absolutely.

Tanvir Gill

You know, Marina, your LinkedIn profile says that you're helping ambitious people worldwide go from passion to profit. How so?

Marina Mogilko

Going from passion to profit is actually my personal story. I was born and raised in Russia and my biggest passion was English. I was able to go for two weeks to the UK to learn English. It was part of the exchange program that my school ran and it was the most transformative experience in my life. And I kept thinking, how can I make it business? I didn't want to become a teacher, though I seriously considered that. But I'm like, I really want this study abroad experience to be available to more people. And this is how I started my company helping people learn languages abroad. So I feel like the best thing you can do in your life is just follow your passion and think about different ways you can monetize it. So that's my mission, to empower people to think about what they love most and these days use AI tools to make it a reality.

Tanvir Gill

But Marina, how do you follow your passion when your passion is being disrupted by AI?

Marina Mogilko

As an English language enthusiast, I can totally see how I can ask my ChatGPT to teach me whatever. Italian, I also speak German. But at the same time, there is nothing that really replaces the experience of going and staying with a local family, interacting in this language. Just a different type of brain connection that's required. And I was just talking to the founder of Duolingo. He highlighted something I understand from my own experience as well. You always need a human to guide you through the learning process.

Thank you so much for your insights, Marina. Before we let you go, if you had to tell a 22-year-old entering the workforce right now, anywhere in the world, the one top skill they need to stay relevant in an AI economy, what would that be?

Marina Mogilko

Absolutely. The top skill is curiosity and also positivity. You know, again, a lot of people who are 22 today think they are entering the job market in the worst time because so many things are getting automated. So there's always something going on. The thing is, I feel, when you're 22 today, you have been born in the best time ever because you are the one whose brain is very flexible and adaptive. You are a social media native. You're computer native. I got my first computer when I was 12 and all I did was play the Sims. I didn't really explore the world of automations and now it's available to everyone. So you are the one those small to medium business owners are looking for to help them enter this new era because you understand what's going on. You've been there and you breathe this air of AI and social media and everything that's going on. So find a niche that excites you the most. Be the one who introduces that shift to businesses who've been around for a while and you're never going out of a job if you deploy this curiosity and positivity mindset.

So that's the opportunity. The next billion jobs will AI make them or take them? I think the big question that we are trying to address is whether AI will be the engine that transforms jobs of the future or will it be the disruptor, that dare I say, kills jobs for the future? I'm joined by a very special panel on this episode of Jobs and AI. Sharat Raghavan is director of LinkedIn's Economic Research Institute. And my second guest on the panel is Mohamed Eissa, who's the chief investment officer at IFC, leading global venture capital and direct technology investments. It's so lovely to have both of you on the show. Thank you very much for your time.

Sharat Raghavan

Thank you.

Tanvir Gill

First and foremost, let's start off with the big number that the World Bank Group has been projecting in terms of. you know, its jobs projections going forward. The World Bank group is saying that 1.2 billion young people will be joining the workforce over the next decade, and potentially, there'll be only 400 million jobs for them, which means that there's going to be a glaring gap of 800 million young people risking not having jobs. I want to humanize this conversation a bit and understand from both of you, how do you feel about that number? 800 million. Sharat I want to start off with you.

Sharat Raghavan

Sure, so first of all, really appreciate you having me on here. So this morning I actually walked into a glass window or door. So hopefully the bruise is not too noticeable.

Tanvir Gill

Thinking about the conversation.

Sharat Raghavan

Thinking about this issue. Probably thinking and getting stressed. All right, the way we look at it at LinkedIn, I mean, our mission is to generate economic opportunity for every member of the global workforce. And so we do that by looking at, we call it our economic graph. It's, you know, the millions of jobs we have on our platform, the incredible base of our members. And so we use that to understand what are the trends and skills? What are the trends in jobs? I think it's actually pretty helpful to look back at other historical contexts. And so if you look at, for example, when the PC was invented, there was a lot of the same sort of anxiety. Now I think we learned two really interesting things about that. One is it takes a bit of time for technology to diffuse. Secondly, the productivity data that we eventually saw in this whole like PC boom took a long time to figure out. And so when you hear that number about, let's say, the risk of those millions of jobs.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Sharat Raghavan

Is it really due to AI? Is it really due to macro? It's too early to tell.

Tanvir Gill

No, it's too early to say, I know, but at a personal level, Sharat Raghavan, when I heard the number for the very first time, I went numb. Mohamed.

Mohamed Eissa

So first of all, thank you for having me. This is a very important topic. And to frame it in the right way, before AI, this issue was important. We have this sort of jobs deficit gap.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah, yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

Coming in the emerging market. I think AI has just increased a sense of urgency because that's now having a huge impact on that situation. We have to acknowledge that there's huge levels of anxiety at the younger generation. The difference with AI is the speed, right? The pace of job displacement is very, very high. And to give you some data points, it took what? 15 years for penetration of PC's to hit a certain point. ChatGPT reached what? 200 million people in 12 to 18 months. Even universities in the US and other parts of the world were not quick enough to react. And this is not, you know, it's not discriminating between, you know, Ivy League versus, you know, state schools.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

It's all the same across the board.

I would love to jump in here because I have a son who's a freshman actually at Stanford. And what I've seen in talking with him is one, there's this incredible interest in sort of combining.

Tanvir Gill

Correct.

Sharat Raghavan

Like science-based majors plus majors that deal with humanity, social sciences, really that human connection. And we actually seen in our LinkedIn data, we publish a list every February called "Skills on the Rise." We just did this, you know a month ago, a month or so ago. And if you look at the skills that are rising to the top there, these are the skills that are in demand by employers, but also being added to members' profiles. A lot of those skills are AI, of course.

Mohamed Eissa

Yeah.

Sharat Raghavan

But you still see very like human capable, like human capacity skills on there. People management, stakeholder communications. Now, to go back to the story about college, I agree there's anxiety in entering the job market. Again, it's hard to disentangle how much of this is macro, how much this is AI.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Sharat Raghavan

If you actually look at computer science graduates, we're pretty much at an all time high in terms of the supply of computer science graduates that are entering the market. So we could be in a situation where, you know, the perfect storm, we're having like, you know, we're at the peak of supply of graduates and the job market's slower because of the macro environment. Yeah. What I wanted to point out is that at Stanford, two of his good friends have actually taken leads to do their own startups. They're both AI related. And so there is also a lot of the spark of entrepreneurial activity that's being caused. AI is enabling a lot of creation. And a lot of those companies will be hiring folks as well.

Yeah, I think you've touched on a very important point, which is now what is the opportunity to use AI? So I look at the world and say in emerging markets, an AI company could be a fast food chain, a retailer, a laundromat. Why? Because if you look at their standalone non-AI version, has poor economics, low margin. The opportunity for us is to use AI to improve the operations of these businesses. I think of the world as what does tech-enabled businesses look like? Absolutely. So all we need is companies that spit out a lot of data. So now you have the ability to actually build.

Tanvir Gill

Analyze that data.

Mohamed Eissa

Yeah, and build a vertically focused AI application that says, "Listen, I can transform what used to be a 5% margin business into a 15 or 20% margin business."

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

And that opens up a whole gamut of opportunities in terms of the investible universe, which goes back to what are the jobs of those 800 million going to be?

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

Right?

Mohamed Eissa

It's not going to be just computer science programmers.

Tanvir Gill

No, not at all.

Mohamed Eissa

Right?

Mohamed Eissa

And that is not where the most of the labor force in emerging market is anyways, right? So if you look at Anthropic, they just released their actual survey of use cases. And you can see in the US and Europe, it's white collar jobs. That's the first use case.

Tanvir Gill

True.

Mohamed Eissa

Programmers, legal, marketing, etcetera. And what's not touched are the hard jobs like construction.

Mohamed Eissa

Blue collar jobs.

Mohamed Eissa

Retail, blue collar jobs, right?

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

Those in the West. So, but again, the answer is not everybody should go study plumbing, right? That's not the answer. That just, it just shows you that if a person who's running a plumbing business that adopts AI has a much more durable business opportunity than a computer programmer.

Our job, like I mentioned, is to generate economic opportunity for the global workforce. So one of the sort of mandates of our team is to look at where we see, you know, jobs that are increasing in demand, skills that are increasing demand. And so the jobs that are increasing in demand, at least when we looked at it a few months ago, our jobs in AI, like technical jobs, but a lot of jobs in healthcare, a lot of jobs in real estate. We see jobs in sales and business development.

Tanvir Gill

In new categories that are coming up?

Sharat Raghavan

Well, like data annotation is a big thing because a lot of these models need to be trained. We see a huge ecosystem around data center jobs. In fact, we just published a report on that sector and we saw there was been a pretty decent size of job creation around data centers. And this is not just sort of the engineers, but it's the technicians, it's the plumbers, it's the HVAC. All of that ecosystem around data centers creates demand for occupations.

AI for development. How do we push that theme forward? How are you investing in and around businesses that are focused on AI for development?

Mohamed Eissa

So there's very positive news coming out of MRE markets, right? And I think, again, it hadn't had the same impact, like the short-term impact that AI has had in the West. Because, again, the job profile in emerging market is different. But we are seeing, like I mentioned before, the opportunity to leapfrog using AI to tackle problems that before were difficult. A great example of this is innovations we're seeing on how to solve healthcare in Africa. Because we don't have patient health records, right? And we talk about personalized medicine and getting rid of costs in the system, improving access to care. Well, we have invested in companies that are using AI to digitize healthcare in Africa.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

And they're doing very well because they're using AI to actually build synthetic data to create the patient health records.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

But they're also now tying in the whole ecosystem of healthcare insurance providers, consumers, the government who is a single payer, in some cases, pharmacies.

I do want to get your sense Sharat, for the developed world, what does this mean for the hybrid work model? What does this mean for the gig economy? What does this mean for the future of traditional roles?

Sharat Raghavan

So I think we're seeing one aspect we just talked about was entrepreneurship a little bit earlier. And if we look at LinkedIn data, we see that there's been a growth in over 60% globally year-over-year of members putting sort of founder entrepreneurial-like titles on their profile. So that could be a signal that people are thinking about sort of their side hustles. They're thinking about, you know, starting a company. One of the data points that really stands out to me is that we just simply asked a really basic question. No, if you look back 15 years ago and you compare it to people now, how many jobs do they have? Do they have like more, the same, you know, less jobs? Are people staying in their jobs more or like longer? And what we found is that they have two times as many jobs compared to someone that started their career 15 years ago.

Sharat Raghavan

What's the implications of that

Sharat Raghavan

if you're a young person is that, you know, you have to be flexible by your career. A lot of people are thinking more about, as you're saying, the side hustles, thinking about how to expand their career in different ways. But it's also a story about re-skilling.

Tanvir Gill

What about career progression? In the sense that earlier, you know, the organizational structure used to be very linear.

Sharat Raghavan

Yeah.

Tanvir Gill

Entry level, mid-level, senior level, right?. And now then you, every now and then you hear, "Oh, maybe analysts in consulting firms will be gone."

Sharat Raghavan

Correct.

Mohamed Eissa

Career level

Mohamed Eissa

definitely has changed, right? And I think it's because certain things are going to disappear and new things are going to come and take its place. So as I mentioned before, the whole displacement, what are the new AI jobs going to be?

Tanvir Gill

But if a senior guy is doing the work of an analyst.

Mohamed Eissa

Right, so.

Tanvir Gill

And taking out a full spreadsheet.

Mohamed Eissa

Correct.

Tanvir Gill

Like he's doing all the work with the analysis on a company. Right. Then where is the replacement? I see the displacement, I don't see the replacement.

Mohamed Eissa

But this goes all the way to college and K-12. Which is what are we teaching these kids? What are we preparing them for, right? So I think this goes all the way because you have to fix the problem early so that you're developing the right skill sets for high school and college.

Sharat Raghavan

So our CEO, Ryan Rozanski. and our chief economic opportunity officer, Anish Rahman, they actually just published a book called "Open to Work." And that book talks about the career ladder and how it is changing. So I agree with you, the career ladder is changing, partly because of that stat I just mentioned, two times many as many jobs someone's going to hold in their career. And so we're going to want to mentor people. We're going to want to teach people. So I think that's really important to understand that in organizations there's always going to be a need to have different levels of people there so you can actually feel like you're working with people and colleagues. Like it's fundamentally human. Now to get back to your question about rhetoric per se, I think folks have a lot of incentives for creating sort of the loudest prediction.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Sharat Raghavan

Of where the market may be heading in terms of AI.

How fast is the place of disruption going to both of you?

Mohamed Eissa

Reality or hype?

Tanvir Gill

Yeah, I mean, how?

Mohamed Eissa

So my view is, okay, there's stuff that is really for generating momentum for stocks. Because every time a company says they're axing 10,000 workers, their stock price jumps up 10%, right? Those jobs that you're terminating, right? Those are consumers.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

Those are buyers of things. Yeah. They travel, they go to restaurants, they consume things, right?

Tanvir Gill

It's a feedback loop.

Mohamed Eissa

So at some point you fall into this trap of saying I've destroyed jobs for short-term efficiency and long-term demand, you know, destruction. So it's not sustainable. In the past two years, who do you think has been the fastest growing AI company globally? What's your guess?

Tanvir Gill

You know, because you're asking it the way you're asking it, I would say emerging markets.

Mohamed Eissa

What would you say?

Sharat Raghavan

I would say probably emerging market for one.

Mohamed Eissa

So it came out of Kazakhstan.

Sharat Raghavan

Yeah, hey, we're right. Okay.

Tanvir Gill

But what sector?

Mohamed Eissa

In content creation.

Tanvir Gill

Okay, that's interesting.

Mohamed Eissa

Yeah, you're not seeing LLM's being developed in emerging markets because you're not seeing the hyperscalers.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

Because you need compute, connectivity power. Those things are big infrastructure gaps in emerging markets. But using AI in emerging markets is not, you don't need to build that to be able to use it. And that is the opportunity in emerging markets, right? Is finding innovative people who have really good ICT skills, have focused on a business problem and now have the tools to compete with Silicon Valley. So we're seeing a lot of entrepreneurs say we're going to start an AI company that's going after embedded finance and financial services and FinTech or healthcare or retail.

Tanvir Gill

What's your advice on this issue of reality versus rhetoric?

Mohamed Eissa

Ignore it.

Tanvir Gill

Ignore it.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Tanvir Gill

Okay.

Tanvir Gill

What's your advice?

Sharat Raghavan

It reminds me of a joke. Can I tell a joke?

Tanvir Gill

Yeah, yeah, of course.

Sharat Raghavan

Economists have predicted five of the last three recessions.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

My sister's an economist.

Sharat Raghavan

I am as well.

Tanvir Gill

How does that equation work I wonder.

Sharat Raghavan

So, sorry go ahead.

Mohamed Eissa

No, I was going to say when this whole AI issue came up, he said, "Oh, it's nothing because we've seen this play out before." And I kept telling her, "Well, it's different this time because it's much more broad-based," right?

Tanvir Gill

Well, you don't say it's different this time.

Mohamed Eissa

Exactly, so now I think there's much more recognition that, okay, maybe we need to think about the impact of AI differently than previous tech disruptions.

Sharat Raghavan

Yeah.

Sharat Raghavan

Yeah.

Sharat Raghavan

I mean, so kind of all jokes aside, I will say that if you think about like what AI is doing, it's also actually accelerating a lot of demand for products. And so there's is concept of this paradox that actually when a technology.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Sharat Raghavan

Makes it easier and it automates a task, you actually can increase demand for it. And so all that's saying is that I kind of ignore all that, you know, hype. I act kind of ground myself in the data and look at what we're seeing now and try to.

Tanvir Gill

And it's not as daunting as it's being projected?

Sharat Raghavan

When we look at the data, we actually just published a pretty detailed report about this in January. We looked at all the hiring data, the macro data.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Sharat Raghavan

The AI data.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah, Sharat, I just want to jump in there because you, I think in one of your reports you also highlighted how AI has moved from being a tool to a strategic asset for small businesses.

Sharat Raghavan

Sure.

Tanvir Gill

Aiming to stay resilient and grow in 2-0-2-6. By adopting AI, businesses can streamline operations, reduce costs and accelerate decision-making, creating space for innovation and relationship building. Absolutely. Which sounds very productive. It sounds very optimistic about AI being indeed part of our lives without upending things.

One of our core developmental thesis is, how do you ensure SME competitiveness in emerging markets? And AI is the perfect tool. These small businesses in emerging markets compete globally.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

Right? So the only way you get them a say footing, equal footing, is by helping them adopt technology and AI.

Sharat Raghavan

Yeah, yeah. So on that, absolutely agree. You know, we've actually spent a lot of time thinking about SMB's, small, medium-sized businesses. We see their adoption rates of AI literacy tools and skills increasing faster than large enterprises. And specifically, you think about developing markets, there's this concept of sort of the missing middle. You have a lot of small firms.

Mohamed Eissa

Yeah.

Sharat Raghavan

That are really sort of micro firms. You have a lot of large firms.

Mohamed Eissa

Nothing in the middle.

Sharat Raghavan

But nothing in the middle. Yeah. And you know, that's not a healthy sort of ecosystem or economy. And so if AI tools can make people more productive, can increase their viability so they can move into that middle chain, you're actually going to have a lot more healthier economic structure.

And so the last three questions have to be very, very quick on your feet.

Tanvir Gill

Okay.

Tanvir Gill

Is AI making hiring fairer or just faster?

Sharat Raghavan

I think it's both. At least from LinkedIn side, you know, we think very deeply about how to make hiring fairer. In fact, one of the early research streams that our team worked on was looking at hiring from a skills first mandate. And so the old signals of sort of like school or like what job you had before, you know, we're actually trying to make our tools highlight the skills that people have and how it relates to the job. So I think it can do both.

Tanvir Gill

Okay, great. Mohamed, what AI resistors will you back at this stage? Top three.

Mohamed Eissa

Healthcare, applications.

Mohamed Eissa

They're all vertical applications of AI.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah.

Mohamed Eissa

So healthcare, financial services, and public education.

Tanvir Gill

Okay, in emerging markets? Yeah.

Tanvir Gill

Okay.

Tanvir Gill

That's where the valuation risk adjustment turn is.

Mohamed Eissa

Well, first, that's where our mandate is, but second.

Tanvir Gill

Yeah, that's true.

Mohamed Eissa

But second.

Tanvir Gill

How could I forget that.

Mohamed Eissa

No, but second, this is where we see the biggest problems to solve.

Tanvir Gill

Okay, if there is a 22-year-old listening to us right now, fresh out of school, looking at his career, what is the one thing that he or she should do right now for future-proofing their career?

Sharat Raghavan

Always seek to learn. Find what you're interested in, what you're passionate about, and seek out mentors.

Tanvir Gill

So how do you do that?

Tanvir Gill

Mentors.

Tanvir Gill

That's like 40,000 feet, Sharat.

Sharat Raghavan

Seek out mentors. Okay. So I was about to say, to make it really practical, like you're never too old or too young to have a mentor.

Mohamed Eissa

The training videos, the classes that are being offered online in terms of what is AI and how to use AI, you know, Anthropic has a great system. YouTube has a great system. I would say spend some time going down the rabbit hole and trying to understand or build a basic understanding. Then go to any of your local businesses and say, "Listen, I'm going to solve this problem for you using AI for free." So basically use that as a way for you to actually get real-world application training. So go to your local shop and say, "Listen, I'm going to help you acquire more customers using AI," right? So fail or try to learn by doing actual real-world projects. Even if it doesn't succeed, you'll come out of it with practical AI skills that are not just theoretical.

Sharat Raghavan

In a way, we're kind of saying very similar things. It's also like experiment.

Sharat Raghavan

Absolutely.

Sharat Raghavan

Right? It's, you know, think about how you can experiment with your own career in a way, right? Think about like where your skills can be really well suited and, you know, find a match there. And maybe that is going out and talking to small businesses and seeing of where you can plug in and help with AI. Learn those AI literacy skills that we see are rising so fast, you know, in the economy. But it's also going out there and actually interacting with people in the world, learning those human like really core human skills of what makes work work.

Tanvir Gill

And what should be the mindset?

Sharat Raghavan

Be curious.

Mohamed Eissa

Go fail multiple times.

Mohamed Eissa

Yeah.

Tanvir Gill

Thank you very much, both of you. Thank you so very much.