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Prostate Surgery & ED: The Truth
Episode 32921st November 2025 • Sexual Health For Men • Dr. Anne Truong
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What if your erection could tell you something deeper about your health—something even your doctor might miss?

In this exclusive episode, Dr. Arthur Burnett, one of the leading experts in urology and a key figure in the science behind Viagra, joins the conversation. Together, we explore the real connection between erectile dysfunction, prostate cancer, and overall prostate health. We dive into what’s fact, what’s fiction, and why ED might be your body’s first warning sign of something much bigger. Whether you're dealing with performance issues or concerned about your prostate, this episode is for you.

Hit play now. Your health, and your future, may depend on it.

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About Dr. Arthur Burnett

Dr. Arthur Burnett is a world-renowned urologist and professor at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, where he holds the prestigious Patrick C. Walsh Professorship in Urology. As Director of the Male Consultation Clinic and Vice Chair for faculty development at the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, he brings decades of groundbreaking expertise in erectile dysfunction, prostate cancer, and reconstructive urology.

A pioneer in the discovery of nitric oxide’s role in erections, Dr. Burnett’s research was instrumental in the development of Viagra. He has performed over 3,000 nerve-sparing radical prostatectomies and authored more than 500 peer-reviewed publications. With honors from the NIH, FDA, and the American Urological Association, Dr. Burnett continues to lead the field in advancing male sexual and prostate health.

Want to connect with Dr. Arthur Burnett? Visit the Johns Hopkins Urology website or find his books on Amazon to learn more about his work in men’s health.

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Resources mentioned:

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If you enjoyed this episode and want to learn more and get more tips, subscribe to The Modern Man newsletter for exclusive content delivered straight to your inbox! https://dranne.co/themodernman

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For all links and resources mentioned on the show and where to subscribe to the podcast, please visit https://truongrehab.com/viagra-erectile-dysfunction-prostate-health

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Want to regain control of your sex life? It’s time to reverse the effects of ED on your life. Join the Modern Man Club and embark on your journey to complete recovery and community.

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Transcripts

Anne Truong:

This podcast is for you, the Modern Man. I'm Dr Anne

Anne Truong:

Truong, your host. I'm an intimate health medical doctor

Anne Truong:

and best selling author of the book, Erectile Dysfunction Fix.

Anne Truong:

I'll do a deep dive into sexual health and performance and how

Anne Truong:

it affects men of all ages and backgrounds. So let's get

Anne Truong:

started, and be sure to visit my website at

Anne Truong:

sexualhealthformenpodcast.com for more information and

Anne Truong:

resources from the show. See you on the inside.

Anne Truong:

Hello there, Modern Man. I am so excited in this episode. I have

Anne Truong:

Dr Arthur Burnett. He is a Professor of Urology in Johns

Anne Truong:

Hopkins for 40 years, and he actually has a unique experience

Anne Truong:

with Viagra that we're going to talk about, because he has so

Anne Truong:

much experience and knowledge on men's sexual health that we can

Anne Truong:

probably talk about days on but we're going to dive into some

Anne Truong:

important issues. So welcome. Dr Burnett.

Arthur Burnett:

Well, thank you for having me, Anne. It's my

Arthur Burnett:

delight to be with you, Dr Anne Truong. Dr Truong, thank you.

Anne Truong:

Yes. Well, thank you. So let's dive into this.

Anne Truong:

Now, before we started, you actually has helped pioneer

Anne Truong:

research that led to the development of Viagra. So from

Anne Truong:

your perspective, tell us the story of how this came about and

Anne Truong:

how you contributed to the research on Viagra, and how

Anne Truong:

Viagra became such a common ED medication.

Arthur Burnett:

Yes, well, my interest in sexual medicine

Arthur Burnett:

almost had a foundation with some of this, and to some extent

Arthur Burnett:

serendipitous. But I think at the same time, as Seneca might

Arthur Burnett:

say, the philosopher from 2000 years ago in Rome, Chance favors

Arthur Burnett:

the prepared minded, and I certainly had the thought back

Arthur Burnett:

in my training at Johns Hopkins in the 80s, believe it or not,

Arthur Burnett:

that we just were not addressing men's health concerns very well.

Arthur Burnett:

And back when I was a junior resident, I was a little

Arthur Burnett:

dismayed that my chief residents would say, Oh, this patient's

Arthur Burnett:

coming in with the complaint of having something wrong with the

Arthur Burnett:

directions. And of course, back then, we weren't even that

Arthur Burnett:

precise with terminology. We just say, just put everything

Arthur Burnett:

together in terms of impotence and use that almost really

Arthur Burnett:

negative term, but give them a prescription of an herbal

Arthur Burnett:

supplement, you know, him being and if he comes back in a month

Arthur Burnett:

or two, and it still says he's got erection problems, and we

Arthur Burnett:

got to think about doing a surgical device called a penile

Arthur Burnett:

prosthesis. And back then, that was the era that we were kind of

Arthur Burnett:

on the heels of, of thinking about the kind of the ideas of a

Arthur Burnett:

psychotherapy and behavioral problems and interpersonal

Arthur Burnett:

problems. And it was it psychological and this and that,

Arthur Burnett:

but I think we started to understand that really, there

Arthur Burnett:

were really a science to erection disorders as a physical

Arthur Burnett:

problem, in many instances, leading up to cardiovascular

Arthur Burnett:

disease and other conditions, which we'll get into. But back

Arthur Burnett:

then, I was scientifically interested in how to address the

Arthur Burnett:

problem better. And we started really a journey back then, some

Arthur Burnett:

scientific work, collaborating with the neuroscientists here at

Arthur Burnett:

Johns Hopkins, and we figured out that the elusive chemical

Arthur Burnett:

that drove the chemical process from nerves, the nerve endings

Arthur Burnett:

that drive the blood vessel tissue and the penis to work, is

Arthur Burnett:

this drug, or is this chemical called nitric oxide. Nitric

Arthur Burnett:

oxide, which everybody kind of throws around these days. And of

Arthur Burnett:

course, nobody believed it back then. It was a gaseous molecule.

Arthur Burnett:

But it was really found out that really the science of many

Arthur Burnett:

disorders in the body do have gaseous molecules that are made

Arthur Burnett:

kind of on demand, not the traditional neurotransmitters.

Arthur Burnett:

And actually I figured that out and wrote a science paper back

Arthur Burnett:

in 1992 who'd have thought a urologic surgeon is writing a

Arthur Burnett:

paper in the journal called Science, and that was the

Anne Truong:

How did you learn that nitric oxide erection? I

Anne Truong:

foundation for how we learned about how erections are driven

Anne Truong:

by this chemical process.

Anne Truong:

mean, how did that come about?

Arthur Burnett:

So basically, what I had initially had

Arthur Burnett:

thoughts about was there were disorders of erections that were

Arthur Burnett:

uncontrolled, called priapism, and it's occurred commonly in

Arthur Burnett:

certain patient populations, such as those with sickle cell

Arthur Burnett:

disease. And believe it or not, in the cardiovascular

Arthur Burnett:

literature, as well as the hematology literature, we're

Arthur Burnett:

starting to understand that there was disorders of the

Arthur Burnett:

hemoglobin metabolism, red blood cells and things of that sort.

Arthur Burnett:

And we start to understand that there's a kind of a chemical

Arthur Burnett:

process involving nitric oxide, involved in blood vessel

Arthur Burnett:

functions. And so I said, Well, this may have something to do

Arthur Burnett:

with penile erection. I knew that the neuroscience group at

Arthur Burnett:

Hopkins was working on studying this new chemical in the brain.

Arthur Burnett:

And I said, Well, let's kind of turn, turn our attention to

Arthur Burnett:

maybe thinking about as a neurotransmitter or some sort of

Arthur Burnett:

agent that ran the the functional process in the penis,

Arthur Burnett:

and just seeing these different connections as science normally

Arthur Burnett:

goes, somebody has an idea based on somebody else doing something

Arthur Burnett:

else, and we kind of think about maybe new connections, new

Arthur Burnett:

insights, new directions to take science. And I said, what I

Arthur Burnett:

think this might be something we should be studying in terms of

Arthur Burnett:

the the blood vessel function in the penis, and there may be

Arthur Burnett:

something to it and and once we understood. That we had these

Arthur Burnett:

chemicals that were released in the brain can be released, but

Arthur Burnett:

based on certain chemical pathways that were being

Arthur Burnett:

described, I started to study that in the penis. And lo and

Arthur Burnett:

behold, that was indeed the mechanism that made the blood

Arthur Burnett:

vessel tissue in the penis work and open up and create

Arthur Burnett:

erections. And so it was kind of a connect matter of assembling

Arthur Burnett:

different insights that I was taking from different

Arthur Burnett:

disciplines, here and there. And then I kind of realized that

Arthur Burnett:

this was this basis for how erections would work.

Anne Truong:

Gotcha, so you did the research on it. So then, how

Anne Truong:

did Pfizer got a hold of "Okay with this medication that we're

Anne Truong:

using for the lung? I believe they were using a pulmonary

Anne Truong:

edema, right? Or pulmonary hypertension.

Arthur Burnett:

Well that also, where they started, is really

Arthur Burnett:

studying the heart for angina, chest pain from poor

Arthur Burnett:

circulation. And there's whole family of agents called

Arthur Burnett:

phosphodiesterases. So super family at least 11 or maybe more

Arthur Burnett:

now, and they actually have different localizations in the

Arthur Burnett:

body, believe it or not, this is how our bodies work. But they

Arthur Burnett:

had created this drug back then. It was called UK 92 480, just

Arthur Burnett:

kind of these pharmaceutical companies just come up with,

Arthur Burnett:

like, letters and numbers, and they were studying it in

Arthur Burnett:

chemical trials back in the early 1990s for men having chest

Arthur Burnett:

pain. The Amazing story back then was a lot of the men were

Arthur Burnett:

saying, Hey, I don't know about my chest pain, but I wake up

Arthur Burnett:

every boy with better erections. And in these phase one trials

Arthur Burnett:

they were doing with several men, and then they're in their

Arthur Burnett:

clinical center, and that's where they backed into thinking,

Arthur Burnett:

Wait a second, I'm hearing about the science of erections that

Arthur Burnett:

involves the pathway that controls this nitric oxide

Arthur Burnett:

release called phosphodiesterase type five. And these agents then

Arthur Burnett:

were realized that they were selective for that enzyme, and

Arthur Burnett:

by inhibiting those that enzyme, that enzyme actually with the

Arthur Burnett:

brakes on erection, and by blocking those breaks, it would

Arthur Burnett:

facilitate the erection response. And so they said,

Arthur Burnett:

moment, we don't need to be developing this drug for chest

Arthur Burnett:

pain. It may actually be something that we might turn

Arthur Burnett:

into a drug for erectile dysfunction management. And so

Arthur Burnett:

it's kind of serendipity, a little bit on that side, but

Arthur Burnett:

also kind of having Eureka, open moments to see that we were

Arthur Burnett:

describing, and some other groups as well. Now we describe

Arthur Burnett:

this as a as a physiologic mediator. I did some science to

Arthur Burnett:

show that it works in the in a live animal model. I showed that

Arthur Burnett:

it actually is released by nerve endings. That was a foundation

Arthur Burnett:

for the science article. And so that, along with some other

Arthur Burnett:

groups in the country, also doing some scientific work in

Arthur Burnett:

various ways, led to this basic foundation from which Viagra

Arthur Burnett:

came. And Viagra, even though his drug developed initially for

Arthur Burnett:

for heart drug, it then turned and pivoted to an erectile

Arthur Burnett:

dysfunction drug. And that's and that's kind of the story behind

Arthur Burnett:

it. Now, yes, it has been used for pulmonary hypertension,

Arthur Burnett:

because the enzyme PDE five, phosphodiesterase type five,

Arthur Burnett:

also is highly expressed in the lung. It's highly expressed in

Arthur Burnett:

the genitalia, believe it or not, that was, that was the

Arthur Burnett:

sweet spot about how it worked, because you could take something

Arthur Burnett:

orally, and then it can circulate in the body, and it

Arthur Burnett:

would only blocking enzyme in certain parts of the body, and

Arthur Burnett:

one part was in the genital region. And men and women,

Arthur Burnett:

believe it or not, and therefore, anything that

Arthur Burnett:

involved this nitric oxide chemical pathway with the right

Arthur Burnett:

stimulation process causing blood vessels to react, the

Arthur Burnett:

brakes on it were being inhibited by the drug. And

Arthur Burnett:

that's so it was studied for that. It was studied for

Arthur Burnett:

pulmonary hypertension because of the high expression in the

Arthur Burnett:

lung tissue as well. And so that's how we make discovery

Arthur Burnett:

with drugs. We understand the science, and then we kind of

Arthur Burnett:

make some observations, and then redirect drug therapy sometimes.

Anne Truong:

So you did the research on it, and then Pfizer

Anne Truong:

got a whole of that and developed the medication

Anne Truong:

sildenafil?

Arthur Burnett:

Yes, yeah, it was called UK-92, 480,

Arthur Burnett:

initially. And then once it was said, well, let's pivot from

Arthur Burnett:

angina clinical trials, heart pain clinical trials, as angina

Arthur Burnett:

is obviously but let's now go to erectile dysfunction clinical

Arthur Burnett:

trials. And all through the 90s. Now everything was a lot of

Arthur Burnett:

clinical trials related to erectile dysfunction. And then

Arthur Burnett:

it can emerge, got a name called sildenafil, and then it got a

Arthur Burnett:

brand name that we know now as Viagra.

Anne Truong:

So, I mean, I think Viagra came out in 98 right?

Arthur Burnett:

That's right. It was FDA approved in 98 and then,

Arthur Burnett:

of course, there were some, some other close cousins that came

Arthur Burnett:

out in the few years thereafter, also known as phosphodiesterase

Arthur Burnett:

type five inhibitors.

Anne Truong:

That's right, so let's just kind of talk a little

Anne Truong:

bit about that. So that way, audience, men, and the majority

Anne Truong:

of the people that watches our channel, men, over 55 and 99.9%

Anne Truong:

men, let's talk about the different type of ED medication,

Anne Truong:

the PDE-5 inhibitors, and for what indication? So we cover

Anne Truong:

sildenafil, which is Viagra, and then the next one is tadalafil,

Anne Truong:

which is Cialis. How did they differ? When to use what?

Arthur Burnett:

Yeah, yeah. So a good point to make. And of

Arthur Burnett:

course, there always is that question. When I see in my

Arthur Burnett:

clinic, you're right. Patients say which, which is better if

Arthur Burnett:

the different ones out there, why are they and why? The

Arthur Burnett:

accused, one or the other. I kind of half jokingly say, Well,

Arthur Burnett:

is there a difference between Coca Cola, Pepsi Cola, RC Cola?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, the answer is, is they're all kind of colas, but maybe one

Arthur Burnett:

has a different effect in one person's body, or a better taste

Arthur Burnett:

or whatever. And that's why we have these different drugs out

Arthur Burnett:

there. There is a true difference in some of the

Arthur Burnett:

pharmacology these drugs, even though they work in a similar

Arthur Burnett:

sort of way to promote the erection response. And one thing

Arthur Burnett:

about Tadalafil, which is Cialis, is that it's formulated

Arthur Burnett:

slightly differently by the manufacturer, such that it's

Arthur Burnett:

degraded in the body somewhat more slowly. And therefore it

Arthur Burnett:

says this is what we call a longer half life. And therefore,

Arthur Burnett:

with all these pills taken about an hour before they reach a kind

Arthur Burnett:

of a high level in the blood circulation, an hour later, that

Arthur Burnett:

then finds its way to the penile tissue and so forth. But one

Arthur Burnett:

thing about tadalafil is compared to sildenafil and

Arthur Burnett:

vardinofil and some of the others that are currently

Arthur Burnett:

available, is that it has a longer half life. And therefore

Arthur Burnett:

you can try sexual activity, not just an hour later, but it may

Arthur Burnett:

actually still be in your system half a day later, or maybe even

Arthur Burnett:

a day day or so later before finally breaking down

Arthur Burnett:

pharmacologically. And therefore it's been billed as a weekend

Arthur Burnett:

drug. It may be billed as a drug that has a potential advantage,

Arthur Burnett:

whereby just taking one pill, you can have multiple

Arthur Burnett:

opportunities for sexual activity, whereas the others may

Arthur Burnett:

get out your system somewhat more rapidly and perhaps less

Arthur Burnett:

than a day.

Anne Truong:

Why? Why they recommend it taken every day?

Anne Truong:

Why is it some men take low dose tadalafil every day?

Arthur Burnett:

So that's a different kind of storyline. And

Arthur Burnett:

what's going on with that is that the FDA did approve the use

Arthur Burnett:

of tidelife at a lower dose for those who have urinary issues,

Arthur Burnett:

and it's kind of used as a drug that you take almost in a

Arthur Burnett:

regular fashion, to treat a condition like a blood pressure

Arthur Burnett:

pill or something like that, that keep the effect of the drug

Arthur Burnett:

as it should be done. And so it's been shown that, yes, it

Arthur Burnett:

does relax the blood vessel tissue of the penis, but also

Arthur Burnett:

may have some sort of effect in the lower urinary tract to

Arthur Burnett:

facilitate voiding, maybe having something to relax the tone of

Arthur Burnett:

the urine outlet, or, who knows what. We don't fully understand

Arthur Burnett:

exactly what it's doing, but it has been shown to have benefit

Arthur Burnett:

in men having urinary symptoms. So this daily dosing for that

Arthur Burnett:

purpose is what's being done also, and I consideration is

Arthur Burnett:

taking it on a regular basis may allow a man to develop kind of a

Arthur Burnett:

steady state effect in his system. For that man to say, I

Arthur Burnett:

have sexual activity, maybe 1015, times a week, and I just

Arthur Burnett:

want to have it kind of my system. And therefore it's there

Arthur Burnett:

for that purpose. But the big question is this, is it taking

Arthur Burnett:

it daily? Is it more potent? Does have a greater effect on

Arthur Burnett:

creating an erection? The answer is, the evidence not very clear

Arthur Burnett:

for that, I think most scientific work would say that's

Arthur Burnett:

just not true. Rather, it's just a convenience for those who are

Arthur Burnett:

sexually active a lot, and maybe they help those with lower

Arthur Burnett:

urinary tract symptoms.

Anne Truong:

When do you decide to prescribe Viagra and versus

Anne Truong:

Cialis for ED?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, I think that the discussion is to

Arthur Burnett:

understand what that patient may sense is his goals with sexual

Arthur Burnett:

activity. If he feels that I just want something that's very

Arthur Burnett:

potent on something on some market a little bit longer, and

Arthur Burnett:

maybe go with sildenafl, if, on the other hand, the patient's

Arthur Burnett:

saying I want something that has a longer half life, that I have

Arthur Burnett:

sexual activity with a weekend kind of escapade, and I want to

Arthur Burnett:

have it in my system all weekend. And it's saying I don't

Arthur Burnett:

mind having a drug in my system no longer, and understanding

Arthur Burnett:

that do that some patients don't want it in their system that

Arthur Burnett:

long, any kind of drug, and they just want something out of their

Arthur Burnett:

system. And there may be a slight difference in the in the

Arthur Burnett:

side effect profile, too. That should be mentioned. It's

Arthur Burnett:

thought that dialysis or tadalafil may have a slightly

Arthur Burnett:

less headache kind of effect, because about one in six guys

Arthur Burnett:

will get headache sensations with sildenafil, there may be

Arthur Burnett:

some other aspect of effects on facial flushing and indigestion,

Arthur Burnett:

where there's some PDE five function elsewhere in the body

Arthur Burnett:

that the drug can have some effect on, although now, since

Arthur Burnett:

Cialis now todalafil, has had a greater effect on causing some

Arthur Burnett:

lower extremity kind of aches or back spasms in some patients

Arthur Burnett:

that we don't see what's so dangerous. So again, this makes

Arthur Burnett:

the point that different people's bodies behave

Arthur Burnett:

differently. There may be differences in just how

Arthur Burnett:

different people's bodies metabolisms work, just like

Arthur Burnett:

there's different responses to Coca Colas. And so some person

Arthur Burnett:

may try one and say it's helping. But unlike some of the

Arthur Burnett:

side effects you can, may come back try another, maybe more,

Arthur Burnett:

more at least, attractive to that patient based on less side

Anne Truong:

What's your approach to evaluating a man

Anne Truong:

effects maybe.

Anne Truong:

with ED?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, my approach is to first reassure

Arthur Burnett:

him and give him confidence that he's not alone, that he's not

Arthur Burnett:

somehow singled out, that he's not less of a man because of the

Arthur Burnett:

problem we're certainly nobody's trying to be judgmental by any

Arthur Burnett:

of this, and we understand that in many cases, it's not really

Arthur Burnett:

your personal fault. I try and tell them it's not your personal

Arthur Burnett:

fault, but things are changing in your body, and let's try

Arthur Burnett:

understand the causes behind it. See we can address. Things. And

Arthur Burnett:

so I think from the outset, it's a matter of being non

Arthur Burnett:

judgmental, giving us some confidence. Let him know he's

Arthur Burnett:

not alone, that we can find a solution. Let's try to

Arthur Burnett:

understand what the problem is. And then, very precisely, now,

Arthur Burnett:

because you mentioned Ed erectile dysfunction, we are

Arthur Burnett:

using a more euphemistic term than where we were back and when

Arthur Burnett:

I trained in the 70s and 80s, where we use this term

Arthur Burnett:

impotence, back then we just threw everything together. So

Arthur Burnett:

this thing is not working, pointing between the legs, and

Arthur Burnett:

just say that's the problem. And here we need to understand

Arthur Burnett:

whether it's an erection problem. Is it an ejaculation

Arthur Burnett:

problem? Is it a sexual desire problem? All of these things are

Arthur Burnett:

on the spectrum of men's sexual health, and I think we're

Arthur Burnett:

defining the condition more if it really the trouble with

Arthur Burnett:

getting an erection now, we go down a certain path of what we

Arthur Burnett:

can do to understand the causes there and what interventions

Arthur Burnett:

make sense, and we very forthrightly and non

Arthur Burnett:

judgmentally, go forward with what our options are and and try

Arthur Burnett:

to get that man back on track. So what's the workup that's

Arthur Burnett:

involved? Well, the workup, I think, largely, is having a good

Arthur Burnett:

evaluation with a history and physical examination. Going back

Arthur Burnett:

to the old time medicine, the William Osler and those Larian

Arthur Burnett:

method here, not just throw patient in a CT machine that

Arthur Burnett:

somehow pops out. What the answer is, let's just try

Arthur Burnett:

understand the problem. Let's understand the clinical history

Arthur Burnett:

of that patient. So the workup is getting a very thorough

Arthur Burnett:

review of his current history that says, health presentation,

Arthur Burnett:

what kind of sexual disorder we're talking about, and then

Arthur Burnett:

understand his health history, his past clinical conditions,

Arthur Burnett:

he's having, any medications he's on. Understand what are

Arthur Burnett:

what we now have really well defined ways of thinking about

Arthur Burnett:

what are factors that are causative for erectile

Arthur Burnett:

dysfunction? If we do have to do an evaluation, sometimes we will

Arthur Burnett:

do a penile ultrasound test, but usually that's for somebody who

Arthur Burnett:

has a severe enough presentation that we're contemplating doing

Arthur Burnett:

something surgical about the penis, or something that sort

Arthur Burnett:

including a penile prosthesis. Nowadays, I think we're we have

Arthur Burnett:

a list much more conservative approach. We have the pills, we

Arthur Burnett:

have other options like vacuum pumps and penile injections, all

Arthur Burnett:

of which are non surgical, all of which can be explored with

Arthur Burnett:

with knowledge that they're not going to be irreversible

Arthur Burnett:

options. And so sometimes it's a matter of just kind of figuring

Arthur Burnett:

out what the patient wants to do with all the options on the

Arthur Burnett:

table, and if they're certainly not irreversible options.

Arthur Burnett:

Irreversible, would be a penile prosthesis or some sort of

Arthur Burnett:

surgical fix. Then let's explore options that he may feel is

Arthur Burnett:

right for him, and we go, go down the path that way.

Anne Truong:

So how long do you have a man on medication for

Anne Truong:

before you say, Okay, well, it's time to go to the next step?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, it depends on each person's response to the

Arthur Burnett:

to the therapy. Now some men indeed, because of maybe the

Arthur Burnett:

severity of their presentation and maybe a severe history of

Arthur Burnett:

cardiovascular disease or diabetes, and they're just not

Arthur Burnett:

responding well to these medications. I'm not going to

Arthur Burnett:

say here, try this for the next two or three years and come back

Arthur Burnett:

and talk to me then. No, that patient may say, let me give a

Arthur Burnett:

trial of it if it's not working, let's get you back in a few

Arthur Burnett:

months, and let's kind of go over some other options. That

Arthur Burnett:

may have to be a little bit more likely to be effective. So it

Arthur Burnett:

comes down to what's going on with that patient and how he

Arthur Burnett:

wants to proceed

Anne Truong:

Right. Now, are you doing PRP for ED?

Arthur Burnett:

Immediate answer is, is I'm not personally doing

Arthur Burnett:

it. Do I feel that it's something that is a potential

Arthur Burnett:

option? I think that it is. At the same time, I'm very

Arthur Burnett:

forthright in talking with my patients to say, some of these

Arthur Burnett:

complementary and alternative options, I think do have some

Arthur Burnett:

interest. They do have some potential advantage in terms of

Arthur Burnett:

having at least some rationale in their use. At the same time,

Arthur Burnett:

we are still struggling to know how effective they really are,

Arthur Burnett:

that they maybe they may be effective under certain health

Arthur Burnett:

conditions, maybe certain circumstances. We're still

Arthur Burnett:

trying to understand and define this. And from that perspective,

Arthur Burnett:

I'm very just truthful with patients that these may be some

Arthur Burnett:

things we're still studying in our clinical trials, that if

Arthur Burnett:

we're offering it to you, from my perspective, there may be

Arthur Burnett:

those who can present it to you and present it hopefully in a

Arthur Burnett:

way that they can just forth widely say these things may or

Arthur Burnett:

may not be successful, but don't get disappointed. They're not.

Arthur Burnett:

Let's explore other options that are a little bit more

Arthur Burnett:

traditional and coming from a traditional background at Johns

Arthur Burnett:

Hopkins that we can explore, but these, I think these other

Arthur Burnett:

options just have to go a little further to make sure they're

Arthur Burnett:

within our our well defined, accepted guideline statements.

Anne Truong:

Do you what your do that institution is that, do you

Anne Truong:

add, like a lifestyle modification, like diet,

Anne Truong:

exercise, stress reduction, in treatment regimen?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, absolutely, absolutely. And I

Arthur Burnett:

think that that's something that's pretty much automatic for

Arthur Burnett:

men's health and women's health and everybody's health. I think

Arthur Burnett:

we unfortunately live in a society that we've modernized

Arthur Burnett:

ourselves to the point that we're actually doing damage to

Arthur Burnett:

ourselves. We're not getting enough exercise. It's easy just

Arthur Burnett:

to ride in a car then then go take a walk and half a block to

Arthur Burnett:

get something done. We have processed foods that we know are

Arthur Burnett:

don't have the nutrients in. There don't have the benefits in

Arthur Burnett:

there and, but they're fast and and maybe just pull it out the

Arthur Burnett:

refrigerator and eat it, or go to a fast food place. These

Arthur Burnett:

things have low nutrient value. So I do coach patients about

Arthur Burnett:

that. I think it's fundamental for your cardiovascular health,

Arthur Burnett:

for your keeping the weight, keeping your weight down, keep

Arthur Burnett:

your keep away from diabetes, keep your penile function where

Arthur Burnett:

it needs to be. So I support all of that, not only just activity

Arthur Burnett:

and diet, but even just good living, sleep hygiene, getting

Arthur Burnett:

your rest, avoiding cigarette smoking, not excessive alcohol

Arthur Burnett:

abuse. I won't advocate no alcohol, because I don't think

Arthur Burnett:

that that's being fair to everybody, but yeah, but

Arthur Burnett:

everybody can have a little bit of a occasion to have a toast,

Arthur Burnett:

of a celebration, or something that sort but. But but I think

Arthur Burnett:

that the reality is is all of these things that are life's

Arthur Burnett:

pleasures in some some instances, we may need to be a

Arthur Burnett:

little rigorous about what we're doing here.

Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

Absolutely, you know, like I said, Make it simple and

Anne Truong:

realistic. So that's ED. Let's move on to something that's not

Anne Truong:

as sexy. A subject prostate. Even urologist friend of mine

Anne Truong:

are saying that's not sexy. Let's not talk about it. But is

Anne Truong:

it a very important part of men's health, because it's

Anne Truong:

located right next to the penis, and it affects a lot of men. I

Anne Truong:

mean, the prevalence of prostate enlargement. It's the same as

Anne Truong:

like, ED, because it affects, yeah, men as they get older. So

Anne Truong:

let's just kind of like clear up, does enlarged prostate cause

Anne Truong:

ED or vice versa?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, you, to answer your question that they

Arthur Burnett:

don't cause each other. There may be associations with that,

Arthur Burnett:

and then we I can briefly just give you some background on my

Arthur Burnett:

answer. But I guess the pre the point you're making is indeed

Arthur Burnett:

the prostate is located in the pelvis. Various diseases related

Arthur Burnett:

to prostate including prostate enlargement that is commonly

Arthur Burnett:

associated with the ordinary symptoms prostate cancer, which

Arthur Burnett:

is not usually associated with urinary symptoms, but has an

Arthur Burnett:

association with regard to how it's treated, not just having

Arthur Burnett:

prostate cancer, but it. But the connection between the prostate

Arthur Burnett:

and men's sexual function is a topic worthy of discussion. And

Arthur Burnett:

I think there needs to be really some discussion, not to keep it

Arthur Burnett:

in the in the in the arena of a taboo subject, but bring it out

Arthur Burnett:

in the open. Let's talk about it so men are informed and then

Arthur Burnett:

know how to take action in the correct way understanding what

Arthur Burnett:

what is the association of prostate health and sexual

Arthur Burnett:

health? We need to make sure that's discussed.

Anne Truong:

So what is the association between enlarged

Anne Truong:

prostate and ED? Does it usually kind of go with one another? So

Anne Truong:

if you have ED, let's check your prostate. Or if you have

Anne Truong:

enlarged prostate, let's check to see if you have ED?

Arthur Burnett:

Yeah. So just to be, to go right to the chase,

Arthur Burnett:

the answer is, is the enlarged prostate is, I think, a bit of a

Arthur Burnett:

imperfect way to think about prostate health. But many men

Arthur Burnett:

have big prostates with no issues. A lot of men have small

Arthur Burnett:

prostates that have a lot of issues. So prostate size, in and

Arthur Burnett:

of itself, is not even really an issue. Prostate size is not

Arthur Burnett:

cancerous. Cancer can happen whether your size is prostate is

Arthur Burnett:

big or small, all right, so that's a whole different issue.

Arthur Burnett:

So let's make sure it's clear about that. So really, just

Arthur Burnett:

talking about having a big prostate, I think that is

Arthur Burnett:

something that we've, maybe even in our medical arenas, have kind

Arthur Burnett:

of communicated to the general public, is a big deal. The

Arthur Burnett:

reality is, is the men's prostates do start to get

Arthur Burnett:

somewhat more enlarged as they age. Because we all age, okay,

Arthur Burnett:

we get a little more gray hair on our head, maybe a few

Arthur Burnett:

wrinkles on our bodies. Well, the process get a little more

Arthur Burnett:

enlarged. And we do know that as men get older, they do happen to

Arthur Burnett:

have a greater instance incidence of lower urinary tract

Arthur Burnett:

symptoms with aging. Women too. Women too. As they start to get

Arthur Burnett:

older, I have it, have have some urinary symptoms too. So so just

Arthur Burnett:

saying, it's all about a big prostate. That's not true,

Arthur Burnett:

because we even have guys who who have smallest prostates and

Arthur Burnett:

have urinary symptoms. And the opposite is true. Some guys with

Arthur Burnett:

big prostates are doing great, but the association with sexual

Arthur Burnett:

health is one that we think that there may be changes in the

Arthur Burnett:

body, cardiovascular changes that have to do the blood vessel

Arthur Burnett:

function in the in the lower urinary tract, the way the

Arthur Burnett:

bladder functions in men and women, the urinary outlet and

Arthur Burnett:

the urethra and the urinary channel where urine comes out

Arthur Burnett:

that may have vascular changes as well in terms of the health

Arthur Burnett:

of that tissue, as much as it can affect the health of the

Arthur Burnett:

tissue in the penile area and in women, maybe another discussion

Arthur Burnett:

you'll have with. But somebody's expert in female sexual as well.

Arthur Burnett:

Say, Yeah, women, as they get older, they'll start to have

Arthur Burnett:

tissue changes in that part of the body they have to do with

Arthur Burnett:

their sexual responses. So it's really more a matter of of your

Arthur Burnett:

overall metabolic and cardiovascular health in your

Arthur Burnett:

vascular system, affecting tissues and area and various

Arthur Burnett:

areas of the body, and having urinary symptoms and sexual

Arthur Burnett:

dysfunction problems just kind of are hand in hand, but they

Arthur Burnett:

don't cause each other. It's just maybe something upstream is

Arthur Burnett:

changing these functions in the body simultaneously.

Anne Truong:

Interesting. So you said something very interesting

Anne Truong:

is that men that have small prostate can have urinary

Anne Truong:

symptoms. And just for our listeners, what we're referring

Anne Truong:

to is going to the bathroom many times at night, and then you go

Anne Truong:

to the bathroom, you feel like you have to go again after 30

Anne Truong:

minutes. And then when you go do number one, you urinate. It

Anne Truong:

takes like 10 minutes instead of just a few minutes. So those are

Anne Truong:

kind of the common urinary symptoms. Now, what is the

Anne Truong:

pathology when you have a small prostate, but yet you have the

Anne Truong:

urinary symptoms?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, again, it comes down to, I think, a matter

Arthur Burnett:

of, again, these urinary symptoms, which include, as

Arthur Burnett:

you're saying, frequent urination, some some of the

Arthur Burnett:

urges to go slow stream, maybe getting up at night a few times,

Arthur Burnett:

all of these kind of urinary symptoms, again, may be just

Arthur Burnett:

indicators of vascular changes and tissue changes in the lower

Arthur Burnett:

urinary tract area, in the urinary outlet area, where the

Arthur Burnett:

prostate sits at the base of the bladder. And these are just

Arthur Burnett:

changes that don't have anything to do with prostate size,

Arthur Burnett:

necessarily. And now, yes, some men, they get tighter prostates,

Arthur Burnett:

not just in large but tighter prostates, and that means it's a

Arthur Burnett:

little more of the bladder has to try and squeeze that urine

Arthur Burnett:

out, and that leads a lot more bladder agitation and creating

Arthur Burnett:

kind of the kind of a sensory awareness that your bladder is

Arthur Burnett:

doing a lot of funky things as the months and years go by. So

Arthur Burnett:

yes, men have more urinary symptoms along those lines, but

Arthur Burnett:

both men and women, there are going to be just aging related

Arthur Burnett:

changes, and those changes in the vascular functions of the

Arthur Burnett:

urinary tract, whether the prostate is big or small, can be

Arthur Burnett:

small, you can start to have these symptoms just because,

Arthur Burnett:

guess what, you're having some blood vessel changes that make

Arthur Burnett:

those tissues in that area start to kind of misbehave. And that's

Arthur Burnett:

what the issue is.

Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

Can you prevent urinary symptoms and or enlargement? Is there

Anne Truong:

something that you can do in your lifestyle to prevent that?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, that's always a thought here. What else

Arthur Burnett:

can we do for your listeners that can say, well, what can I

Arthur Burnett:

do aside from just getting older and then maybe having genetics

Arthur Burnett:

in play, you could be see many times some of the different

Arthur Burnett:

people's bodies are different on the inside as they are on the

Arthur Burnett:

outside. Some guys just genetically have bigger

Arthur Burnett:

prostates or more obstructive prostates as they get older. But

Arthur Burnett:

the answer is that, again, good health in general, good balanced

Arthur Burnett:

diet, good lifestyle adjustments. We think, in the

Arthur Burnett:

long run, that probably is even beneficial for blood vessel

Arthur Burnett:

system and and tissue functions that have to do with the

Arthur Burnett:

urination as well. So is there anything you can drastically do?

Arthur Burnett:

Probably not. I have by the same time, I tell people it's never

Arthur Burnett:

too late to get healthy, never too late to do lifestyle

Arthur Burnett:

adjustments, and so always consider that. But if a person

Arthur Burnett:

starts to practice this early in their adulthood, even younger,

Arthur Burnett:

maybe, and then just carry it through a lifetime of just

Arthur Burnett:

healthful habits. I think that'll probably put you in good

Arthur Burnett:

stead to have a better preservation of your sexual

Arthur Burnett:

function, better preservation of your urinary function.

Anne Truong:

Rght. Great. I'm glad to hear that. So let's talk

Anne Truong:

about prostate cancer. Yeah, right. So is it a man? When do

Anne Truong:

you recommend a man gets screened? Because let's not even

Anne Truong:

go into the controversy of PSA level and all that. But like,

Anne Truong:

what do you recommend a man to get screened for prostate cancer

Anne Truong:

or and then when to get PSA level?

Arthur Burnett:

Sure. Well, this is, again, a very important

Arthur Burnett:

subject. Should not be a taboo subject, because it's important

Arthur Burnett:

that we say you should get screened. And why is that so

Arthur Burnett:

important? Because it's so prevalent and it can claim

Arthur Burnett:

lives. I think that prostate cancer, debated by some out

Arthur Burnett:

there, is the leading cancer men in the United States, maybe

Arthur Burnett:

second to skin cancers. That may be a bit more. But among solid

Arthur Burnett:

tumors, prostate cancer is prevalent, and we know about one

Arthur Burnett:

in nine men. One in nine men will get prostate cancer, one in

Arthur Burnett:

nine. So that's highly prevalent, and one in six black

Arthur Burnett:

men, which we get into. It's a little further discussion on as

Arthur Burnett:

well. So so really, your point about getting screened has

Arthur Burnett:

relevance, because we want guys to know that this is something

Arthur Burnett:

maybe they should be getting screened for. Given the high

Arthur Burnett:

incidence of how it occurs, just but the fact that prostate

Arthur Burnett:

cancer is out there in society to such a degree that screening

Arthur Burnett:

is something to consider. Now, screening has had a great deal

Arthur Burnett:

of debate over the years, and the debate just fundamentally

Arthur Burnett:

is, is, does that mean that we're just putting people

Arthur Burnett:

through some sort of some, some sort of screening mill, or some

Arthur Burnett:

just trying to overdo and over diagnose prostate cancer,

Arthur Burnett:

because there is such a thing now that prostate cancer is,

Arthur Burnett:

I've always said to patients, is a broad spectrum disease. Not

Arthur Burnett:

all prostate cancer necessarily is that lethal. And as we learn

Arthur Burnett:

more about prostate cancer, we're starting to find some

Arthur Burnett:

subtypes of it that may be better managed just for

Arthur Burnett:

surveillance, but getting screened is key because it is

Arthur Burnett:

common. It will take lives. There are more aggressive forms

Arthur Burnett:

of it, and men should consider, particularly for your African

Arthur Burnett:

American race, or if you have, if you have a strong family

Arthur Burnett:

history, have a discussion with your doctor and perhaps get this

Arthur Burnett:

blood test called the PSA prostate specific antigen. It's

Arthur Burnett:

a blood test, and there's a normal range. As for many lab

Arthur Burnett:

tests we get that there's normal lab values. If it's outside the

Arthur Burnett:

normal range, that may raise a flag, then that may say, okay,

Arthur Burnett:

my primary care doctor screened me, but now I should be going to

Arthur Burnett:

see a urologic surgeon like myself to really further assess

Arthur Burnett:

why that PSA is outside the normal range, and then we carry

Arthur Burnett:

out further diagnostic tests to make a diagnosis. But screening,

Arthur Burnett:

it typically is the PSA blood test, then men should at least

Arthur Burnett:

be aware of the risk for prostate cancer, and if they're

Arthur Burnett:

at least have a high risk factors, really make sure that

Arthur Burnett:

you have at least a discussion. Now, the one last thing I'll say

Arthur Burnett:

before your next question is, is, who should get screened, why

Arthur Burnett:

and when? And the answer is, is there a variety of guidelines

Arthur Burnett:

out there? There is the thought that men between a certain age

Arthur Burnett:

range should be getting PSA checks. There has been the

Arthur Burnett:

thought that men between the ages of 55, and 70, according to

Arthur Burnett:

the US Preventative Services Task Force, a government agency,

Arthur Burnett:

those are the ages that men should be getting annual PSAs,

Arthur Burnett:

many other societies, even neurologic societies, make the

Arthur Burnett:

point that that may be a little too tight when as a window. And

Arthur Burnett:

many, many men, particularly African American men, may need

Arthur Burnett:

to think about age 45 or age 40 at least getting a at least one

Arthur Burnett:

speed, PSA, then just to at least know where you stand. And

Arthur Burnett:

then on the opposite end of the scale, should we stop at age 70?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, the answer is, is maybe not, if a man could still

Arthur Burnett:

acquire prostate cancer at 75 and die when he's 80. And he's

Arthur Burnett:

supposed to be living up to 9095, why did we stop so early

Arthur Burnett:

and checking his PSA? So in general, maybe a rule of thumb

Arthur Burnett:

is, if you still have at least have 10 years of longevity, get

Arthur Burnett:

your PSA once a year. The reason why we kind of don't want guys

Arthur Burnett:

getting it too old is because we're concerned that prostate

Arthur Burnett:

cancer, in general, does take five to 10 years to progress,

Arthur Burnett:

and we don't want older men it's still in maybe the best years of

Arthur Burnett:

their life, their golden years, and want to have still a lot of

Arthur Burnett:

fun out there. We don't them pursuing a treatment that may

Arthur Burnett:

have some potential for side effects and may significantly

Arthur Burnett:

impact their quality of life, whether it's surgery radiation,

Arthur Burnett:

and you get too old age range where it may not have made a

Arthur Burnett:

difference in that person's lifespan. And so we have to kind

Arthur Burnett:

of proceed in an intelligent way. Screen guys appropriately

Arthur Burnett:

discuss their risk, consider what interventions make sense

Arthur Burnett:

and what ages understand there are, there are other health

Arthur Burnett:

factors in their life, what the expected longevity, and then

Arthur Burnett:

make some really intelligent decisions about who should get

Arthur Burnett:

screened. And then even going further with decisions for

Arthur Burnett:

treatment.

Anne Truong:

So does a normal PSA, which is less than four, is

Anne Truong:

a normal PSA mean no prostate cancer?

Arthur Burnett:

Well the answer is, is even if you have a PSA in

Arthur Burnett:

the less than zero to four range, okay, that's the normal

Arthur Burnett:

you use as a cut off. We've used that customarily, based on some

Arthur Burnett:

early population studies. We're going back a few decades, but

Arthur Burnett:

the answer is, is yes. Can you have prostate cancer? Even if

Arthur Burnett:

your PSA is in the normal range, it has been shown so just so

Arthur Burnett:

sometimes, it's not just a matter of a PSA on any just one

Arthur Burnett:

occasion being a 4.1 or higher. I mean, it's possible guys have

Arthur Burnett:

had a PSA for a couple years around one or 1.5 and now it's

Arthur Burnett:

3.5 and then rechecked is 3.6 that kind of gives us a clue,

Arthur Burnett:

something's starting to change and and maybe that's an

Arthur Burnett:

opportunity then to do a workup, then not wait till it now comes

Arthur Burnett:

back a year or two after that, now it's 4.1 or 4.5 or whatever.

Arthur Burnett:

We've made a big gotten a better jump start on addressing

Arthur Burnett:

prostate cancer, picking up the signal that something start not

Arthur Burnett:

staying where it was not staying at his baseline level. And

Arthur Burnett:

therefore that might give us a clue that that man might need to

Arthur Burnett:

go ahead and get checked out, even though his PSA is still

Arthur Burnett:

less than four.

Anne Truong:

What is your protocol for checking out an

Anne Truong:

elevated PSA? Let's say, assume it's over four. And I guess what

Anne Truong:

you were talking about before was the, I guess the

Anne Truong:

progression, the speed of progression of higher PSA level.

Anne Truong:

But there's always some confusion as to like, Okay,

Anne Truong:

well, your PSA is a 4.2, 3 different levels before he

Anne Truong:

should go to urology for further workup, or it does he need to go

Anne Truong:

right away to get evaluated and possibly do a biopsy?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, the quick answer is, sometimes it's worth

Arthur Burnett:

getting at least another check before you just overreact,

Arthur Burnett:

because sometimes we've seen the spurious numbers, a number that

Arthur Burnett:

just with with that may have spiked for reasons that are not

Arthur Burnett:

clear. It could be a lab mishap, or just man just having

Arthur Burnett:

something else that triggered his PSA going up, maybe a little

Arthur Burnett:

bit of a prostate infection, maybe prostate irritation, some

Arthur Burnett:

other things that confound the PSA measurement make it

Arthur Burnett:

erroneous. That is so it confounds it. We know that some

Arthur Burnett:

men may have a PSA is a little more elevated because they did

Arthur Burnett:

get a true prostate infection, prostatitis, or maybe their PSA

Arthur Burnett:

is trending up because they just happen to have a larger prostate

Arthur Burnett:

genetically, and that PSA is higher because there's more

Arthur Burnett:

prostate bulk, making the PSA more prostate tissue there that

Arthur Burnett:

is responsible for that. So some other things can throw the PSA

Arthur Burnett:

to be elevated. Oftentimes, if you've had a steady PSA and now

Arthur Burnett:

that suddenly looks different, particularly if it's only been

Arthur Burnett:

like one value. I always tell patients, let's just repeat it

Arthur Burnett:

first. Let's repeat it. And if it looks like it's it's

Arthur Burnett:

elevated, well maybe we should proceed with further workup. And

Arthur Burnett:

what's that workup consists of? Well, you asked me what that is

Arthur Burnett:

and and typically that's a prostate biopsy that is to take

Arthur Burnett:

a sample from the prostate tissue sample that these require

Arthur Burnett:

urology Doctor clinic visit and discussion and then planning

Arthur Burnett:

ahead for a quick outpatient procedure called a prostate

Arthur Burnett:

biopsy. That's where we are here in 2025 now who knows where

Arthur Burnett:

we'll be in 2030 or 2040 we might have something as easy as

Arthur Burnett:

spitting in a jar and somehow get sent off to the lab, and we

Arthur Burnett:

already know what signals are there on a molecular level that

Arthur Burnett:

tells us what we can't do right now, but right now we need a

Arthur Burnett:

tissue diagnosis, because you're hearing me say that PSA could be

Arthur Burnett:

elevated for other reasons too. So that alone can't make the

Arthur Burnett:

diagnosis, but it is enough of a smoke screen to tell us

Arthur Burnett:

something might be out of out of kilter. And with that, let's

Arthur Burnett:

proceed ahead with the next step to try and determine whether

Arthur Burnett:

prostate cancer is the explanation.

Anne Truong:

Well, thank you for going over that. So we talk

Anne Truong:

about screening. So let's talk about prostate cancer. What's

Anne Truong:

the incidence? You said it's one in nine and one in six black

Anne Truong:

men. Why is it higher incidence than black men?

Arthur Burnett:

Yeah, yeah. So I, figured i'd tweak you a

Arthur Burnett:

little bit with that question on that. And the answer is, is that

Arthur Burnett:

we don't fully understand, I think there may be a number of

Arthur Burnett:

factors that have to do with with why that incidence is

Arthur Burnett:

higher. The other thing that's remarkable to say is the

Arthur Burnett:

mortality rate, the death rate from prostate cancer in black

Arthur Burnett:

men, is two and a half fold higher, two and a half fold

Arthur Burnett:

higher. And also, I think, other under resourced populations and

Arthur Burnett:

situations also are associated with health maladies. So health

Arthur Burnett:

access is a big deal. Big deal for certain populations that I

Arthur Burnett:

think has to be put on the table and say that's a factor there,

Arthur Burnett:

but it's also now. Are black men disproportionately affected by

Arthur Burnett:

environmental factors. Are they, do they also have some genetics

Arthur Burnett:

that play a role in all of this. Is a tumor biology that might

Arthur Burnett:

the body is handling certain kind of lifestyle, things that

Arthur Burnett:

men in black communities may have more than other

Arthur Burnett:

communities. So there's you can see there's a whole host of

Arthur Burnett:

things that may have to do with the adversity of prostate cancer

Arthur Burnett:

and black men, and we're still studying this in our scientific

Arthur Burnett:

communities. We're trying to understand why that is so, but

Arthur Burnett:

at least to just say, okay, the population based studies

Arthur Burnett:

epidemiology that we say has shown that there is this

Arthur Burnett:

difference, and given the so called Ethnic Disparities with

Arthur Burnett:

various factors in play, they may just be the disease state,

Arthur Burnett:

but it may be some other aspects of healthcare and healthcare

Arthur Burnett:

system and lifestyle, all these things, there's a lot within the

Arthur Burnett:

equation here that accounts for the higher rate.

Anne Truong:

Yeah, that's very, very interesting. So when do you

Anne Truong:

determine that the prostate needs to come out, or the

Anne Truong:

surgery called prostatectomy? Because we see a lot of men that

Anne Truong:

get that. So when does that determination occur?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, we carry out the biopsy, as I mentioned,

Arthur Burnett:

and then that gives us some information. By the pathology

Arthur Burnett:

review of that of the tissue specimens taken, and if prostate

Arthur Burnett:

cancer is found, with pathology doctors confirming this by doing

Arthur Burnett:

their complete evaluation, they'll come back and help us

Arthur Burnett:

know as the front line people here urology doctors aware along

Arthur Burnett:

the spectrum of risk profile the tissue is telling us is that

Arthur Burnett:

high risk prostate cancer, low risk prostate cancer, or

Arthur Burnett:

something in between. The pathology can inform us of this,

Arthur Burnett:

and we use this terminology of grade, which refers to the

Arthur Burnett:

aggressiveness level of the prostate cancer that can be

Arthur Burnett:

informed by how the tissue looks under the microscope, fitting

Arthur Burnett:

certain description profiles that then tell us whether it's

Arthur Burnett:

high risk type, intermediate risk type, or low risk type. So

Arthur Burnett:

we have to be so the bottom line is, define it first and then

Arthur Burnett:

define the patient. Understand, again, as I talked about a

Arthur Burnett:

little while ago, what other health conditions is that man

Arthur Burnett:

facing? Why? Much longevity is that I might approach a man

Arthur Burnett:

who's 50 years of age in completely great health, very

Arthur Burnett:

different than a 78 year old gentleman who has heart disease,

Arthur Burnett:

diabetes and now has prostate cancer, and then try to figure

Arthur Burnett:

out, even if they same sort of prostate cancer, how aggressive

Arthur Burnett:

I need to be to treat it in a young young man who's got three

Arthur Burnett:

decades ahead of them versus somebody else who might say,

Arthur Burnett:

Okay, you're somewhat older and we don't need to be putting you

Arthur Burnett:

through a prostate surgery. Maybe radiation will be enough

Arthur Burnett:

that we may have to go kind of a little bit more of a less

Arthur Burnett:

invasive approach. But surgery is probably the right option for

Arthur Burnett:

that man who's got still pretty good longevity, 10, 15, 20

Arthur Burnett:

years, wants to be definitively treated also, if he has a more

Arthur Burnett:

high risk prostate cancer, where radiation may or may not be as

Arthur Burnett:

effective, then we have to kind of then understand the disease

Arthur Burnett:

for that man and his health profile for that man, and then

Arthur Burnett:

kind of decide where we go with with what options we would

Arthur Burnett:

otherwise offer.

Anne Truong:

That makes so much sense. So a lot of men that have

Anne Truong:

the prostate remove have ED. How does that happen? Why is there

Anne Truong:

such a high incidence of ED after prostate surgery?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, it occurs with prostate surgery, but also

Arthur Burnett:

occurs with radiation. And I'll make that point very clear for

Arthur Burnett:

your listeners, because some there's so much, I think, myths

Arthur Burnett:

out there and misinformation. Oh, get radiation. It's not

Arthur Burnett:

going to affect your erections. That is not true. That is not

Arthur Burnett:

true. The truth about radiation, and I'll get into surgery in a

Arthur Burnett:

moment, is that after radiation, many men may have some radiation

Arthur Burnett:

early side effects of being a little fatigued with radiation,

Arthur Burnett:

having hormone shots that accompany radiation that fatigue

Arthur Burnett:

you. But they may say, a few months later, I'm feeling pretty

Arthur Burnett:

good, and I'm still having erections. Things are good. My

Arthur Burnett:

sexual function is kind of good, blah, blah, blah. But ask that

Arthur Burnett:

same man two or three years later, probably more than half

Arthur Burnett:

the men who have radiation with a little time of radiation

Arthur Burnett:

affecting the body, more than half will have erection

Arthur Burnett:

problems. It happens with surgery too. And I think the

Arthur Burnett:

bottom line is this, the nerves and blood vessels that run into

Arthur Burnett:

the base of the penis, deep in the deep in the pelvis that make

Arthur Burnett:

erections happen, can be affected by whatever treatment

Arthur Burnett:

is brought to prostate cancer. That is, is more than just some

Arthur Burnett:

of the simpler treatments for opening up the urinary outlet

Arthur Burnett:

for benign enlargement or something like that. But whether

Arthur Burnett:

it's surgery or radiation to treat prostate cancer, is deep

Arthur Burnett:

in the pelvic area. The prostates in a very unforgiving

Arthur Burnett:

part of the body, is a very precarious part of the body that

Arthur Burnett:

is right at the base of the penis. And any intervention that

Arthur Burnett:

affects the blood vessels and the nerves that regulate how the

Arthur Burnett:

erection process occurs deep in the pelvis, are there going to

Arthur Burnett:

be change? It's just a surgery. You see it more immediately,

Arthur Burnett:

because we do the surgery, and then you're going home, and you

Arthur Burnett:

feel like, as you're recovering next week or two, or three or

Arthur Burnett:

four, where are my erections? And then may take as much as a

Arthur Burnett:

year. And some men are maybe even longer, two years to get

Arthur Burnett:

the erection recovery back, because those nerves and blood

Arthur Burnett:

vessels have to heal, and they're kind of shocking, and

Arthur Burnett:

they need this time to heal up. Okay, but guys don't have

Arthur Burnett:

immediate erections, but they start to get it back, perhaps

Arthur Burnett:

get erections back and well performed prostate surgeries,

Arthur Burnett:

and men who are intact prior to surgery, that recovery could be

Arthur Burnett:

as high as 70 80% in those kinds of situations there okay, as I

Arthur Burnett:

said, radiation, you think you're fine, but then you lose

Arthur Burnett:

it. And so it's kind of like a different natural history

Arthur Burnett:

directions. You don't have it initially and but they come back

Arthur Burnett:

with surgery. You feel they're okay, but then you lose the

Arthur Burnett:

later with radiation. So any treatment for prostate cancer

Arthur Burnett:

does have that risk, and I think men have to be prepared to

Arthur Burnett:

understand that risk. They have to know that we do have some

Arthur Burnett:

strategies in both the disciplines of surgery for our

Arthur Burnett:

surgeons and the discipline of radiation therapy for the

Arthur Burnett:

radiation oncologists, that we're trying to minimize the

Arthur Burnett:

side effects. We're developing improvements in each of our

Arthur Burnett:

specialties to try and target the prostate better and have

Arthur Burnett:

less of the side effect issues. But the side effect issues may

Arthur Burnett:

still be there with either way of going, and men need to just

Arthur Burnett:

know the truth about that. Have the the really, the the honest

Arthur Burnett:

expectations brought to them about there are going to be some

Arthur Burnett:

changes at the same time. It's not doomsday. It's not doomsday

Arthur Burnett:

because we got options, and we just need to kind of work with

Arthur Burnett:

that man and say, Okay, let's just be forthright about it, and

Arthur Burnett:

let's talk about what we can. Can offer. Some men, even with

Arthur Burnett:

surgery, they'll respond to the pills, but there's also the

Arthur Burnett:

vacuum pump. They're injections. And some men, it may be that

Arthur Burnett:

their erectile dysfunction after surgery may actually be that

Arthur Burnett:

impaired, and they may have to go forward with maybe a penile

Arthur Burnett:

prosthesis surgery. But same thing for radiation, some men

Arthur Burnett:

may respond as if you know alternative interventions, but

Arthur Burnett:

some may find that as time goes on, the erections really are not

Arthur Burnett:

that responsive to anything, and they want a penile prosthesis.

Arthur Burnett:

And that will happen in that scenario as well.

Anne Truong:

Okay, gotcha, I like the way how you explain

Anne Truong:

that as well. So you post a surgery, do they enter some type

Anne Truong:

of penile rehab program?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, that's a good point, because that's kind

Arthur Burnett:

of widely advertised out there. Get your penile rehab. Brings a

Arthur Burnett:

lot of smiles, like, what rehab? What's that? I mean, I don't

Arthur Burnett:

know if I get an orthopedic surgery or back surgery or leg

Arthur Burnett:

surgery. I gotta go to the physical therapist and do work

Arthur Burnett:

that, work that, that part of the body over and kind of. Have

Arthur Burnett:

healed up better. Well, what kind of things do you do with a

Arthur Burnett:

penis to make it rehabbed? And the answer is, is, well, yeah,

Arthur Burnett:

we joke around a little bit about it, but the read The truth

Arthur Burnett:

is, is we do want to bring attention to the importance of

Arthur Burnett:

acknowledging having sexual dysfunctions after treatments

Arthur Burnett:

for prostate cancer, that we should not deny the reality that

Arthur Burnett:

can occur, that there are ways in which we should approach the

Arthur Burnett:

issue, in terms of the biology, the psychology, the sociology

Arthur Burnett:

and social issues with partners, in other words, giving attention

Arthur Burnett:

to the survivorship and how we can work to try to improve

Arthur Burnett:

quality of life. Work with various therapies that may have

Arthur Burnett:

true physical effects on the penis, although we're still

Arthur Burnett:

trying to work out what really can make the penis recover

Arthur Burnett:

faster with surgery or prevent some deterioration over time

Arthur Burnett:

with radiation. But rehab should have the connotation of a bio,

Arthur Burnett:

psycho, social and cultural kind of multi dimensional approach,

Arthur Burnett:

and that's what we kind of mean by penile rehab.

Anne Truong:

Right. I like that, definitely. But like you said,

Anne Truong:

how many percentage of men that have prostate cancer surgery or

Anne Truong:

prostatectomy regain back erection again without the

Anne Truong:

penile implant?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, I think that the true statistics are

Arthur Burnett:

probably going to be in order, about half the men. But again,

Arthur Burnett:

let me make sure it's clear we're talking about men who have

Arthur Burnett:

quality surgeries. We know that in the modern era of doing these

Arthur Burnett:

surgeries, and I've done about 3000 of these in my 40 years

Arthur Burnett:

here at Johns Hopkins, that we do these surgeries. Excuse me.

Arthur Burnett:

Excuse me. Well, where we know that the soft tissue that

Arthur Burnett:

surrounds the prostate, they carry a lot of the nerve tissue,

Arthur Burnett:

we can gently dissect that away from the prostate, like taking

Arthur Burnett:

the layers off the onion and then remove the onion, but not

Arthur Burnett:

damage some of those tissues. They may get shocky for a while

Arthur Burnett:

and but they'll recover. And we call that nerve sparing surgery.

Arthur Burnett:

Nerve sparing radical prostatectomy. If those

Arthur Burnett:

surgeries are done very well with good quality surgical

Arthur Burnett:

dissection and technique, those men are favored to get their

Arthur Burnett:

erections back, as long as he had good erections going into

Arthur Burnett:

surgery too. So again, and that man, as long as he's good

Arthur Burnett:

health, so if you have all the right attributes, good health,

Arthur Burnett:

pre operative erections, quality surgery, at least 50% of those

Arthur Burnett:

guys should be getting their erections back. And maybe even

Arthur Burnett:

higher, according to some statistics. But it's kind of a

Arthur Burnett:

little bit over the mat, all around the map, but, but again,

Arthur Burnett:

if you don't have a good nerve spraying operation, if your

Arthur Burnett:

erections were somewhat compromised before surgery, if

Arthur Burnett:

you're already having some health issues from some pre

Arthur Burnett:

diabetes, cardiovascular changes, blood vessel changes,

Arthur Burnett:

high cholesterol changes. You smoke cigarettes a little bit,

Arthur Burnett:

all these kind of things imply that you've already are

Arthur Burnett:

changing, that the vascular blood vessel function to the

Arthur Burnett:

penile tissue, and you're kind of the three legged stool. The

Arthur Burnett:

second leg getting kicked out means that the stool is going to

Arthur Burnett:

fall over. And so we want guys who had the best opportunity to

Arthur Burnett:

get the recovery to be the four legged stool, maintain your best

Arthur Burnett:

health and then have a good quality surgery. Those men, I

Arthur Burnett:

think we can expect to have high likelihood of getting their

Arthur Burnett:

function back.

Anne Truong:

That is so true. So men, if you're listening to

Anne Truong:

this, take care of yourself. Take care eat healthy. Do 30

Anne Truong:

minutes of exercise four times a week, and don't smoke, and

Anne Truong:

moderate your alcohol and sleep. And so if you get prostate

Anne Truong:

cancer later, you may just do well, because if you have four

Anne Truong:

legged stool there, you recover, instead of having a three legged

Anne Truong:

stool like Dr Burnett say. So, wow. We certainly talk about a

Anne Truong:

lot, but let's talk about something that we all need to

Anne Truong:

talk about, which is, why is sexual health remains such a

Anne Truong:

taboo subject for so many men and even doctors? it should be,

Anne Truong:

if pain is considered the fifth vital sign, it should be the

Anne Truong:

sixth vital sign, but yet it's still taboo. It's not talked

Anne Truong:

about. Why is that? Why do you think that is?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, I think that it's a taboo subject

Arthur Burnett:

because it is a sensitive topic, and it has kind of associations

Arthur Burnett:

with embarrassment, has associations with privacy,

Arthur Burnett:

associations with the maybe subject matter that may be

Arthur Burnett:

thought to be a youth potentially offensive or just

Arthur Burnett:

inappropriate, first a certain kind of public dialog. I'd like

Arthur Burnett:

to think that we can kind of move away from some of that

Arthur Burnett:

realm and still be very professional, be very upstanding

Arthur Burnett:

of in discussing these issues, because I think they impact our

Arthur Burnett:

lives. They impact our lives in serious ways, the sexual

Arthur Burnett:

function of men and women is certainly something that is part

Arthur Burnett:

of their health, their general health, and again, and as you're

Arthur Burnett:

hearing, could even be an indicator of your overall

Arthur Burnett:

health. So we got to just kind of accept that reality. Have

Arthur Burnett:

individuals like myself who have very authoritative, if you will,

Arthur Burnett:

and knowledgeable and credible backgrounds in the field to help

Arthur Burnett:

guide men and couples to move forward, to recapture aspects of

Arthur Burnett:

their life that they may have kind of pushed aside. Then we

Arthur Burnett:

need to just bring it, bring it forward as a subject matter that

Arthur Burnett:

we can address. The other thing is, I think we are able to

Arthur Burnett:

address it better than we did back, maybe back when I trained,

Arthur Burnett:

when things were kind of dismissed a little bit, and. And

Arthur Burnett:

then, as we bring things out in the open a little bit more and

Arthur Burnett:

just talk about things being a true aspect of one's general

Arthur Burnett:

health, hopefully we can over to overcome the taboo.

Anne Truong:

Have you seen it being more and open since the

Anne Truong:

80s? We're still somewhat behind here.

Arthur Burnett:

Well, I think we are making progress, but I think

Arthur Burnett:

the other thing that's a bit perverse that I will bring out

Arthur Burnett:

first discussion, and maybe we'll just, and we'll kind of

Arthur Burnett:

get into this a little bit more is just perhaps misdirection in

Arthur Burnett:

terms of what it is with male function, or even female

Arthur Burnett:

function. I mean, there's a lot of kind of myth surrounding men

Arthur Burnett:

should be able to get erections instantaneously, of all ages,

Arthur Burnett:

that all men should have a penis of a length that's a ruler or

Arthur Burnett:

something. Men should be able to have sexual prowess and and

Arthur Burnett:

carry on with a sexual act for hours. And in fact, I think our

Arthur Burnett:

media and maybe even some of our industry is contributing to some

Arthur Burnett:

of this, this misdirection, even, let's say guys who are

Arthur Burnett:

have normal function at age 25 and young women on some of these

Arthur Burnett:

ads are saying, I'm telling my man to use this pill. Because I

Arthur Burnett:

think they're just kind of creating these kind of scenarios

Arthur Burnett:

that then almost have a, I think, a tone in which it

Arthur Burnett:

redirects and misdirects and undermines the confidence and

Arthur Burnett:

that should be proper masculine understanding and behaviors. So

Arthur Burnett:

I think that it's a bit of a taboo subject, but also a

Arthur Burnett:

subject matter that's not correctly addressed in our

Arthur Burnett:

current society. I'd like to think that we can address men's

Arthur Burnett:

health in a more forthright way, in a more correct way than where

Arthur Burnett:

we've been.

Anne Truong:

Well, that's why we're having this conversation

Anne Truong:

on YouTube. We work globally. Anyone in the world can listen

Anne Truong:

to this and comment on this, because both you and I are

Anne Truong:

passionate about, and we want to bring this to mainstream

Anne Truong:

conversations and not something that is shameful, that is in the

Anne Truong:

closet. And like you said, good sexual function is really good

Anne Truong:

general health. And we know the research study shows that good

Anne Truong:

sexual function correlate with longevity. You live longer,

Anne Truong:

you're more happy, you're more healthy. And if you have good

Anne Truong:

sexual function, more so that we should really be focusing on

Anne Truong:

sexual function, and it's not just something that you talk

Anne Truong:

about behind the scene. So having said that, I thought we

Anne Truong:

had such good conversation. So where can our listener find out

Anne Truong:

more about you? You said that Dr Burnette had written many books,

Anne Truong:

and he has one that's about to come out, but he has some pretty

Anne Truong:

good ones that he has there as well. Can you show us some of

Anne Truong:

the books that you've written?

Arthur Burnett:

Sure. Well, the most couple books you looked him

Arthur Burnett:

up on amazon.com the one here having to do with just

Arthur Burnett:

celebrating Black Urologists in America. But one I'd like to

Arthur Burnett:

really focus on is the Manhood Prescription. And essentially

Arthur Burnett:

that's one, but basically this is one here called Manhood

Arthur Burnett:

Prescription. And what it is a book I wrote about two years ago

Arthur Burnett:

now, a little bit kind of clinical, but yet, yet, it has

Arthur Burnett:

information that the lay public can pick up and understand

Arthur Burnett:

various disorders of the penile area and achieve some better

Arthur Burnett:

understanding about how to manage these conditions, how to

Arthur Burnett:

ask the right questions and how to take care of your own health

Arthur Burnett:

better. At the same time, the next book that I'm coming out

Arthur Burnett:

with here in 2026 it really focuses on manhood in a way that

Arthur Burnett:

really helps men understand themselves better. Understands

Arthur Burnett:

what it is to to, yes, be masculine. Let's get away from

Arthur Burnett:

the Marlboro Man myth. Let's get a little bit more in terms of

Arthur Burnett:

guys who are doing the right healthy thing. Understand what

Arthur Burnett:

it is to have the proper maleness that get away from the

Arthur Burnett:

masculine toxicity issues out there that I've kind of alluded

Arthur Burnett:

to a little bit. Let's talk about what it is to build good

Arthur Burnett:

relationships. And our society has so many negative role

Arthur Burnett:

models, negative influences. Men and women are not having good

Arthur Burnett:

relationships anymore. Everybody's into their their

Arthur Burnett:

iPhone on their in their hip pocket. Too much pornography is

Arthur Burnett:

going on. I'd like to kind of help guys understand what their

Arthur Burnett:

best maleness is all about. And that's this is what this book is

Arthur Burnett:

going to address here, where we're working to get this out

Arthur Burnett:

the door. And again, being a urologic surgeon involved in

Arthur Burnett:

male health, involved in the science of erections and science

Arthur Burnett:

of maleness, and also having major roles that I have had over

Arthur Burnett:

the years, not just being a surgeon and a scientist, but

Arthur Burnett:

also a healthcare advocate, involved with policy and doing

Arthur Burnett:

other sorts of things in terms of men's health, I'd like to

Arthur Burnett:

bring kind of my background to help guys feel that they're

Arthur Burnett:

understanding the the best ways in which they're going to be

Arthur Burnett:

able to correct their concerns about their best health. So so

Arthur Burnett:

find this book on amazon.com, I look for mine coming out.

Anne Truong:

What's the name of it? What's the new book that's

Anne Truong:

coming out?

Arthur Burnett:

Well, we're tentatively saying Penis

Arthur Burnett:

Confidential, which tentatively suggested, yes, it's a book on

Arthur Burnett:

maleness and and women may want to read it too. But we're going

Arthur Burnett:

to have discussions for young men, teenagers and young men,

Arthur Burnett:

about what's important, about what they should be looking for,

Arthur Burnett:

about how they need to live their lives better, all the way

Arthur Burnett:

up to the older man with prostate cancer and

Arthur Burnett:

understanding that he's still in the game too, and we want to

Arthur Burnett:

make sure He preserves his best maleness and best men's health

Arthur Burnett:

as well. So we're going to have a lot of discussion with this

Arthur Burnett:

book. I hope it'll be exciting for population to want to pick

Arthur Burnett:

it up and just look my name up. I'm on amazon.com or if you want

Arthur Burnett:

to get a hold of me, just look up Johns Hopkins on websites.

Arthur Burnett:

I'm glad to see many want to come my way and have a

Arthur Burnett:

conversation as well.

Anne Truong:

Okay, so what website should they go to to

Anne Truong:

find out more about you? The

Arthur Burnett:

Johns Hopkins website. Just Johns Hopkins

Arthur Burnett:

Urology. Okay, you'll find it. Just make it easy, Johns Hopkins

Arthur Burnett:

School of Medicine, and then Urology.

Anne Truong:

Well, we'll put that link, and we'll put the

Anne Truong:

link to your Amazon book as well. And I'm looking forward to

Anne Truong:

hopefully have a signed book of your penis, confidential book,

Anne Truong:

and we'll get you back again to the show to talk about that

Anne Truong:

book, because I'm going to read it cover to cover. And then

Anne Truong:

let's dive into that, because I really like what you said about

Anne Truong:

you want to cover that aspect, so we have another interview,

Anne Truong:

and maybe in 2026 to discuss about the book, okay.

Arthur Burnett:

Oh, let's be my have spent some time with you.

Anne Truong:

All right. Well, thank you so much. Dr Burnett,

Anne Truong:

for being in the Sexual Health for Men Podcast and YouTube

Anne Truong:

Okay, Modern Man, you are not alone and you don't have to

Anne Truong:

suffer anymore. ED can feel isolating, frustrating, and even

Anne Truong:

channel and men listen to this twice, because the information

Anne Truong:

defeating. The endless guessing, the quiet shame, the weight of

Anne Truong:

not feeling like yourself is exhausting. But here's the

Anne Truong:

truth, you are not broken. You are not alone. You don't have to

Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

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Anne Truong:

error, just real solution, real result and the confidence you

Anne Truong:

deserve. It's time to take back your power on your term. Let's

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will guide you have a sense of how you should really continue

Anne Truong:

get this journey started together. Check out the course

Anne Truong:

at getwoodnow.com. I'll see you there.

Anne Truong:

Thanks for listening to the Sexual Health for Men Podcast.

Anne Truong:

If you love this episode, then please take a screenshot on your

Anne Truong:

your general health and sexual health. Thank you, Dr Burnett.

Anne Truong:

phone and post it on Facebook, Instagram, or wherever you post,

Anne Truong:

and be sure to tag me and let me know why you like this episode

Anne Truong:

and what you like to hear in the future. That will help me know

Anne Truong:

what's great for you and I would love to give you the most

Anne Truong:

incredible free gift designed to help you improve performance

Anne Truong:

quickly. Go to my website at sexualhealthformenpodcast.com to

Anne Truong:

And men, you are now broken. You are not alone, and we will see

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get the book, The Five Common Costly Mistakes Men Make When

Anne Truong:

Facing ED. I would appreciate if you subscribe, leave a review on

Anne Truong:

Apple podcasts or wherever you listen. And just know that you

Anne Truong:

can have sexual vitality for life. I appreciate you until

Anne Truong:

you next episode.

Anne Truong:

next time.

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