In this episode of the Dementia Researcher Podcast, Dr Kamar Ameen-Ali is joined by Dr Ahmad Khundakar from Teesside University, Anna Wilson from South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and Professor Mani Santhana Krishnan from Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust to explore the complex and often misunderstood relationship between delirium and dementia.
The discussion unpacks why these two conditions are so frequently confused, how this confusion can lead to misdiagnosis and harm, and why recognising the difference matters deeply, particularly in hospital and care environments. Professor Krishnan shares clinical insights on how delirium manifests and why it is often underdiagnosed, especially in older adults and people with pre-existing cognitive conditions. Anna Wilson highlights how screening tools like the 4AT are helping clinicians respond more effectively, while also emphasising the importance of person-centred care. Dr Khundakar brings both scientific expertise and a deeply personal perspective, sharing how his own family experience of delirium shaped his research and understanding of care needs.
Together, they discuss different forms of delirium, such as hypoactive and hyperactive types, and explore the importance of recognising sudden changes in behaviour. The episode also addresses wider system issues — from gaps in professional training to the need for improved support for families and carers. With an emphasis on prevention, non-drug interventions, and modifiable risk factors, this is an essential conversation for anyone working in dementia research, healthcare, or policy, as well as for families who want to better understand and advocate for their loved ones.
A transcript of this show, links and show notes and profile on all our guests are available on our website at https://www.dementiaresearcher.nihr.ac.uk.
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We gratefully acknowledge the support of our funders: Alzheimer’s Association, Race Against Dementia, Alzheimer’s Research UK, Alzheimer’s Society, and the National Institute for Health and Care Research.
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