We conclude our study of the formal prayer with Imam al-Ghazali's detailed explanation of how to perfect its performance.

We are taken step-by-step through each movement, with advice on perfecting the raising of the hands to enter the prayer, the recitation of al-Fatihah, the bowing position, the prostration, exiting the prayer and the meanings of the supplications recited throughout.

The text is supplemented with Imam al-Jawi's deep commentary and additions of other textual evidence, which support a profoundly spiritual understanding and assist the listener towards fulfilling what God wants from us in our ritual prayer.