Summary In this conversation, Professor Olshansky discusses the evolving science of aging and longevity, emphasizing the importance of exercise, the concept of the longevity dividend, and the need to focus on healthspan rather than lifespan. He shares insights from his extensive research on human aging, the economic implications of an aging population, and the potential of geroprotectors to enhance health in later life. The discussion also touches on societal perceptions of aging, the necessity for policy adaptations, and the value of older individuals in the workforce. Chapters 00:00 The Importance of Exercise for Longevity 01:05 Introduction to Aging and Longevity Research 02:32 Professor Olshansky's Journey in Aging Research 04:50 Understanding the Longevity Dividend 07:10 Unlocking the Potential of Healthy Older Individuals 09:27 Upper Limits of Human Life Expectancy 12:44 Approaches to Extend Healthspan 16:25 Economic Impact of Increased Longevity 19:45 Changing Perceptions of Aging 23:20 The Role of Geroprotectors in Aging 26:40 Adapting Social Security and Medicare for Longevity 27:38 Planning for Longevity 28:33 The Role of Geroscience 29:30 Unlocking Potential in an Aging Workforce 31:54 The Rise of Genarians 34:49 Exciting Pathways in Aging Research 39:02 Shifting Focus: Health Span vs. Life Span 41:57 Insights from the Latest Nature Aging Paper 46:41 Maximizing Health Span 50:56 The Truth About Supplements